Exploiting novel molecular targets in gastrointestinal cancers

Table 1 Agents targeting EGFR pathway in GI cancers

Agents	Tumor types	Regimen	Study design	References
Monoclonal antibodies
Cetuximab	Colorectal cancer	Irinotecan/cetuximab	Phase III	[9]
	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Cetuximab	Phase II	[27]
	Pancreatic cancer	Gemcitabine/cetuximab	Phase II	[28]
	Pancreatic cancer	Gemcitabine/RT/cetuximab	Phase II	[29]
Panitumumab	Colorectal carcinoma	Panitumumab	Phase III	[47]
Matuzumab	Pancreatic cancer	Gemcitabine/matuzumab	PhaseI	[60]
	Colorectal cancer	Matuzumab	PhaseI	[61]
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Erlotinib	Pancreatic cancer	Gemcitabine/erlotinib	Phase III	[52]
	Colorectal cancer	CapOx/erlotinib	Phase II	[54]
	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Erlotinib	Phase II	[56]
	Colorectal cancer	FOLFIRI/erlotinib	PhaseI	[55]
	Pancreatic cancer	Gemcitabine/paclitaxol/RT/erlotinib	PhaseI	[62]
Geftinib	Colorectal cancer	Gefitinib/fluorouracil/oxaliplatin	Phase II	[63]
	Colorectal cancer	Gefitinib/oxaliplatin	Phase II	[64]
	Colorectal cancer	Gefitinib	Phase II	[65,66]
	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Gefitinib	Phase II	[67]
	Pancreatic and rectal cancer	Capecitabine/gefitinib/RT	PhaseI	[68]
Lapatinib	Colorectal cancer	Lapatinib	Phase II	[59]

RT: Radiation therapy.