Outcomes of patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgery: Risk assessment and management

Table 1 Reported surgical mortality risk in patients with cirrhosis

Surgery in patients with cirrhosis	n	Died (n)	%	Ref No.
Gastrointestinal
Peptic ulcer surgery-elective	20	2	10	34
Peptic ulcer surgery-bleeding	94	46	49	34
Peptic ulcer surgery-perforation	167	70	42	34
Gastric bypass	125	5	4	38
Biliary tract surgery	212	45	21	34, 39
Small bowel surgeries	9	6	67	34
Colon surgeries	87	36	41	34
Open cholecystectomy	110	8	7.7	40
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy	265	0	0	41
Abdominal
Abdominal surgery for trauma	17	8	47	42
Emergency abdominal surgery			57	12
Splenectomy	7	0	0	43
Umbilical herniorrhaphy	24	2	8.3	6
Inguinal herniorrhaphy	1197	30	2.5	44
Bone/Joint
Hip surgery-elective	14	0	0	45
Hip surgery-emergent	5	3	60	45
Knee surgery	42	0	0	46
Cardiac
Cardiac surgery-elective	18	3	17	47
Cardiac surgery-emergent	5	4	80	48
Genito-urinary
TURP	30	2	6.7	49
Hysterectomy	105	8	7.6	50
Abdominal surgeries in various liver conditions
Acute hepatitis	11	11	100	51
Hepatitis C	34	0	0	52
Chronic hepatitis	20	0	0	36
Obstructive jaundice			5-60	53

TURP: Transurethral resection of the prostrate.