Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea after living donor liver transplantation

Table 4 Association between postoperative CDAD and preoperative variables

Variables	CDAD (-)(n = 231)	CDAD (+)(n = 11)	P
Age (yr)	51 (18-67)1	55 (26-64)1
< 55	161	5	0.1
≥ 55	70	6
Gender, male/female	123/108	9/2	0.07
Underlying liver disease
Hepatitis C	62	4
PBC	49	3
Hepatitis B	33	2
Fulminant hepatitis	26	1
Biliary atresia	14	0
Autoimmune hepatitis	9	0
PSC	9	0
Metabolic disease	8	1
Cryptogenic cirrhosis	6	0
Alcoholic cirrhosis	4	0
Other	11	0
Hepatocellular carcinoma	63	5	0.3
Child-Pugh score	10 (5-14)1	9 (7-14)1
< 10	107	6	0.76
≥ 10	124	5
MELD score	13.3 (-3.4-48.2)1	15.9 (5.3-33.9)1
< 20	153	6	0.52
≥ 20	78	5
Ascites	110	6	0.76
Use of Diuretics	123	8	0.23
Encephalopathy	39	3	0.41
Preoperative apheresis	50	3	0.71
PT-INR	1.61 (0.89-7.48)1	1.56 (1.33-2.73)1
< 2.0	187	8	0.45
≥ 2.0	44	3
Serum bilirubin (mg/dL)	4.4 (0.3-40.0)1	5.1 (0.8-17.9)1
< 10.0	163	9	0.52
≥ 10.0	68	2
Serum albumin (mg/dL)	2.9 (1.5-4.4)1	2.6 (1.8-3.3)1
< 2.5	37	194	0.03
≥ 2.5	5	6
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.69 (0.2-7.7)1	1.02 (0.4-4.4)1
< 1.5		6	0.0003
≥ 1.5	219	5
	12
Use of steroid	28	1	1
Preoperative antibiotics use	58	3	1
Beta lactam	45	3	0.46
Second or third generation cepharosporins	17	0	1
Glycopeptide	3	2	0.02
Fluroquinolone	15	2	0.18
Aminoglycoside	5	1	0.25
Other	4	1	0.21
History of abdominal surgery	108	5	1
Diabetes mellitus	29	0	0.37
Preoperative ICU stay			0.35
Yes	25	2
No	206	9

¹Median and range. PBC: primary biliary cirrhosis; PSC: primary sclerosing cholangitis; MELD: model for end stage liver diseases; PT-INR: the international normalized ratio of prothrombin time; ICU: intensive care unit.