Risk factors for Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: Results from the FINBAR study

Table 2 Comparison of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms between controls and Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients and between oesophageal and junctional tumour subgroups

	ControlsNo.	BENo.	Adjusted1OR (95% CI)	EACNo.	Adjusted1OR (95% CI)	OesophagealtumoursNo.	Adjusted1OR (95% CI)	JunctionaltumoursNo.	Adjusted1OR (95% CI)
Frequent GOR2
No	211	60	1.00	117	1.00	64	1.00	51	1.00
Yes	49	164	12.0 (7.64 to 18.7)	110	3.48 (2.25 to 5.41)	67	3.73 (2.27 to 6.13)	41	3.12 (1.79 to 5.43)
Nocturnal symptoms3
No	237	110	1.00	167	1.00	86	1.00	79	1.00
Yes	23	113	10.9 (6.49 to 18.5)	60	3.16 (1.81 to 5.51)	45	4.53 (2.49 to 8.22)	13	1.45 (0.67 to 3.14)
Reflux symptom score4
No GOR	211	54	1.00	116	1.00	63	1.00	51	1.00
1-4 points	25	63	10.4 (5.90 to 18.5)	53	3.63 (2.06 to 6.40)	22	2.59 (1.30 to 5.15)	30	4.99 (2.58 to 9.62)
4.5-6.5 points	24	107	18.4 (10.5 to 32.3)	58	3.55 (2.02 to 6.27)	46	5.11 (2.78 to 9.38)	11	1.52 (0.66 to 3.47)
Symptom frequency in tertiles (t/yr)
No GOR	211	61	1.00	117	1.00	64	1.00	51	1.00
< 208	17	44	9.34 (4.88 to 17.9)	33	2.94 (1.50 to 5.77)	18	2.96 (1.38 to 6.35)	14	2.81 (1.23 to 6.41)
208-365	23	50	7.86 (4.36 to 14.2)	35	2.75 (1.49 to 5.07)	18	2.53 (1.23 to 5.19)	16	2.94 (1.38 to 6.29)
> 365	9	69	29.2 (13.3 to 64.5)	42	6.54 (2.93 to 14.6)	31	8.20 (3.51 to 19.1)	11	4.50 (1.69 to 12.0)
Duration of symptoms in tertiles (yr)
No GOR	211	54	1.00	116	1.00	63	1.00	51	1.00
< 10	18	64	11.9 (6.37 to 22.1)	39	3.67 (1.94 to 6.97)	16	2.67 (1.25 to 5.72)	22	5.00 (2.38 to 10.5)
10-22.6	15	38	8.09 (4.09 to 16.0)	21	2.28 (1.08 to 4.83)	18	3.57 (1.62 to 7.86)	3	0.78 (0.21 to 2.88)
> 22.6	16	68	16.0 (8.38 to 30.5)	51	4.41 (2.30 to 8.48)	34	5.11 (2.51 to 10.4)	16	3.41 (1.52 to 7.65)

BO: Barrett’s oesophagus; OAC: oesophageal adenocarcinoma; GOR: gastro-oesophageal reflux; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.

¹Adjusted for sex, age at interview date, body mass index (5 yr prior to the interview date), smoking status (never, ex-, current), alcohol intake (grams), years of full-time education and job type (manual, non-manual).

²Symptoms of heartburn and/or reflux more than 50 times per year.

³Symptoms of GOR that prevented sleep or woke the person from sleep.

⁴Reflux symptom score[14]. Heartburn or regurgitation only = 1 point, GOR symptoms 2 to 6 times per week = 1 point, heartburn and regurgitation = 1.5 points, nightly symptoms = 2 points, GOR symptoms 7 to 15 times per week = 2 points, symptoms more than 15 times per week = 3 points.