Objective assessment of the antispasmodic effect of Shakuyaku-kanzo-to (TJ-68), a Chinese herbal medicine, on the colonic wall by direct spraying during colonoscopy

Table 1 Background characteristics of the patients

	TJ-68	Control
No. of cases	51	50
Male/female	34/17	35/15
Age (yr) (mean±SD)	60.0±14.8	61.0±11.7
Indication of colonoscopy
Polyp surveillance	15	13
Post EMR surveillance	0	3
Fecal occult blood positive	13	6
Abdominal pain	3	6
Constipation	4	3
Diarrhea	2	5
Anemia	1	0
Screening	5	5
Hematochezia	4	6
Bloody stool	4	2
Soft stool	0	1

¹NS vs control (Mann-Whitney U test), ^bP<0.001 vs before (Wilcoxon’s test), ^dP<0.001 vs control after (Mann-Whitney U test), ²NS vs before (Wilcoxon’s test).