Current concepts and controversies in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis

Table 5 Interventional studies on nutrition and alcoholic hepatitis

Study	Design	Patients	Intervention	Findings
Lesesne et al[49] 1978	Randomized	14 patients, alcoholic hepatitis and encephalopathy	7 controls, 1600 Kcal diet	Reduction in mortality in the prednisolone arm
			7 study, prednisolone
Galambos et al[127] 1979	Case series	11 patients, alcoholic hepatitis	4, enteral hyperalimentation	No difference in mortality
			7, parenteral hyperalimentation	Increased nitrogen balance in study group
Nasrallah et al[128] 1980	Randomized	35 patients, alcoholic hepatitis	All received 3000 kcal 100g protein diet	Lower mortality in the study group
			18 control
			17 study, 70-85 gram of intravenous amino acid
Diehl et al[129] 1985	Randomized	15 patients, alcoholic hepatitis	All allowed to consume hospital diet ad libitum	Increased nitrogen balance in study group
			10 controls, glucose solution	No difference in clinical and biochemical markers of liver disease
			5 study, glucose solution + amino acids
Mendenhall et al[94] 1985	Randomized	57 patients, moderate-severe alcoholic hepatitis	34 controls, 2500 cal diet	No difference in mortality
			23 study, Hospital diet + Hepatic Aid	Improvement in nutritional parameters in intervention group
Calvey et al[130] 1985	Randomized	64 patients, alcoholic hepatitis	32 controls, standard diet	No difference in biochemical or clinical parameters
			32 study, standard diet + 2000 kCal + 10 g nitrogen
Soberon et al[131] 1987	Case series	14 patients, alcoholic hepatitis	6 with adequate nutritional status, hospital diet	No difference in mortality
			8 with poor baseline nutritional status, nasoduodenal diet, 35 kCal/kg per day	Increased nitrogen balance in study group
Simon et al[87] 1988	Randomized	12 patients, moderate alcoholic hepatitis 22 patients, severe alcoholic hepatitis	Moderate Group	No difference in mortality
			6 control, standard diet	Improved in biochemical tests in severe group
			6 study, PPN
			Severe Group
			12 control, standard
			10 study, PPN
Bonkovsky et al[67] 1991	Randomized	39 patients, moderate to severe alcoholic hepatitis	9, standard therapy	Improved biochemical parameters
			8, oxandrolone + standard therapy
			10, PPN
			12, oxandrolone + standard therapy + PPN
Mezey et al[88] 1991	Randomized	52 patients, alcoholic hepatitis	28 control, dextrose solution	No difference in mortality during hospitalization and 2 yr after treatment
			26 study, dextrose + amino acid
Mendenhall et al[69] 1993	Randomized	273 patients, severe alcoholic hepatitis	136 control	No difference in mortality overall
			137 study, oxadrolone + enteral nutrition	Improvement in mortality in moderately malnourished group(19%) versus control (51%) at 6 mo post treatment
Cabre et al[54] 2000	Randomized	71 patients, severe alcoholic hepatitis	36, prednisolone	No difference in overall mortality
			35, enteral tube 2000 kCal/d	Higher early mortality in nutrition versus higher follow up mortality on steroids
Alvarez et al[132] 2004	Case series	13 patients, severe alcoholic hepatitis	13, prednisolone + TEN 2000 kCal/d	15% death during treatment
				67% of patients developed infections during treatment -no deaths due to infections