Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

Table 3 Medications for IBD[4,12,19]

Class	Generic (Trade)	Use	Side Effects
Aminosalicylates	Mesalamine (Asacol, Pentasa) Sulfasalazine (Azulfadine) Olsalazine (Dipentum) Balsalazide (Colazal)	May be used to induce remission in mild CD or UC May be used to maintain remission in moderate CD or UC	Headache Nausea Anorexia Leukopenia Diarrhea
Corticosteroids	Prednisone Budesonide	Used for induction of remission in CD and UC, not effective in maintenance of remission	Increased risk of infection Hypertension Weight gain Acne Hirsuitism
Immunomodulators	Azathioprine (Imuran, Azasan) 6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol)	Used for maintenance of remission in moderate to severe CD or UC	Nausea/vomiting Diarrhea Pancreatitis Hepatitis Myelosuppression
	Methotrexate (Rheumatrex, Trexall)	May be used to maintain remission in moderate to severe CD or UC that does not respond to azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine	Myelosuppression Oral ulcers Hepatitis
	Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)	Has been used to induce and maintain remission in refractory cases of UC	Renal toxicity Hypertension Gingival hyperplasia Hirsuitism
Biologic Agents	Infliximab (Remicade)	May be used for refractory CD or steroid-dependent patients to induce and maintain remission	Infusion reaction (chest pain, Hyper- or hypotension, And shortness of breath) Nausea Fever/Chills Hives Fatigue