Grapefruit-seed extract attenuates ethanol-and stress-induced gastric lesions via activation of prostaglandin, nitric oxide and sensory nerve pathways

Table 4 The number of WRS-induced gastric lesions and accompanying changes in the GBF in rats treated with vehicle and GSE (32 mg/kg i.g.) without or with capsaicin denervation. Means±SE of 6–8 rats

Type of test	Mean lesion number	GBF (% control)
Without capsaicin denervation
Vehicle	18 ± 3	67 ± 4
GSE (32 mg/kg ig)	8 ± 1.5a	78 ± 3a
With capsaicin denervation
Vehicle	28 ± 4b	54 ± 3b
GSE (32 mg/kg ig)	16 ± 3b	64 ± 4b
CGRP (10 μg/kg sc)
+GSE (32 mg/kg ig)	9 ± 1.3c	74 ± 3c

^aP < 0.05 vs vehicle,

^cP < 0.05 vs corresponding values obtained in animals without capsaicin denervation, ^eP < 0.05 vs corresponding values obtained in animals with capsaicin denervation without CGRP treatment.