Serum leptin levels and insulin resistance are associated with gallstone disease in overweight subjects

Table 1 Comparison of variables between cases and controls

Variable	Cases n = 97					Controls n = 190					P1
	Mean	SD	Median	Min	Max	Mean	SD	Median	Min	Max
Age (yr)	52.1	12.1	51.0	19.0	85.0	50.5	11.7	50	18.0	85	0.25
BMI (kg/m2)	28.2	5.5	27.7	18.6	54.9	27	3.9	26.9	19.0	40.1	0.12
Leptin (ng/mL)	18.2	44.7	10.2	1.9	431.0	11	6.5	9.5	1.3	40.7	0.11
Insulin (μU/mL)	11.1	7.4	9.1	1.8	35.7	9.4	6.3	7.6	2.0	43.7	0.07
T-chol (mmol/L)	5.43	1.09	5.46	2.48	8.38	5.38	1.03	5.4 3.	36	9.44	0.95
LDL (mmol/L)	3.44	0.85	3.36	1.11	5.61	3.49	0.85	3.41	1.60	6.13	0.73
HDL (mmol/L)	1.19	0.36	1.14	0.47	2.72	1.22	0.36	1.14	0.52	2.56	0.42
NHDL (mmol/L)	4.27	1.03	4.34	1.78	7.34	4.27	0.98	4.24	2.4	8.53	0.90
TGC (mmol/L)	1.89	1.15	1.7	0.43	6.78	1.71	0.96	1.46	0.06	7.38	0.18
HOMA-IR	2.9	2.2	2.3	0.4	11.7	2.4	1.8	1.8	0.4	13.2	0.04

¹Mann-Whitney U test. BMI, body mass index; T-chol, total cholesterol; LDL, low-density cholesterol; HDL, high-density cholesterol; NHDL, non-HDL cholesterol; TGC, triglycerides.