Amelioration of experimental colitis by Astragalus membranaceus through anti-oxidation and inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis

Figure 3 A: Effect of oral Astragalus extract (Am) treatment (2 or 4 g/kg) on iNOS protein expression in rat colon. Animals were either pre-treated with Am once daily for 10 d from 1 d after DNBS induction, or received Am post-treatment twice daily on the three consecutive days following DNBS induction. Control animals (control) received oral administration of normal drinking water only. Animals without colitis induction or drug treatment were regarded as normal animals (normal). All animals were killed 4 d after DNBS administration. Values are mean±SE (n = 6). ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs control; B: Effect of oralAstragalus extract (Am) treatment (2 or 4 g/kg) on P-selectin protein expression in rat colon. Animals were either pre-treated with Am once daily for 10 d from 1 d after DNBS induction, or received Am post-treatment twice daily on the three consecutive days following DNBS induction. Control animals (control) received oral administration of normal drinking water only. Animals without colitis induction or drug treatment were regarded as normal animals (normal). All animals were killed 4 d after DNBS administration. Values are means±SE (n = 6). ^bP < 0.01, ^dP < 0.001 vs control; C: Effect of oral Astragalus extract (Am) treatment (2 or 4 g/kg) on ICAM-1 protein expression in rat colon. Animals were either pre-treated with Am once daily for 10 d from 1 d after DNBS induction, or received Am post-treatment twice daily on the three consecutive days following DNBS induction. Control animals (control) received oral administration of normal drinking water only. Animals without colitis induction or drug treatment were regarded as normal animals (normal). All animals were killed 4 d after DNBS administration. Values are mean±SE (n = 6). ^bP < 0.01, ^dP < 0.001 vs control.