Effects of dietary intake and genetic factors on hypermethylation of the hMLH1 gene promoter in gastric cancer

Table 5 Distribution of controls and cases with or without promoter hypermethylation of the hMLH1 gene according to their intake of nutrients, vitamins, and minerals which were statistically significant

	Controls	Cases without	Cases with
	(n)	hMLH1 promoter	hMLH1 promoter
		hypermethylation	hypermethylation
		(n)	(n)
Protein
Low	109	25	18
High	110	44	19
Odds ratio	Referent (1.00)	1.81a (1.03 – 3.17)	1.00 (0.49 – 2.02)
Phosphorus
Low	109	25	20
High	110	44	17
Odds ratio	Referent (1.00)	1.82a (1.03 – 3.19)	0.77 (0.38 – 1.57)
Potassium
Low	109	22	15
High	110	47	22
Odds ratio	Referent (1.00)	2.38b (1.32 – 4.26)	1.24 (0.60 – 2.56)
Vitamin C
Low	110	19	13
High	109	50	24
Odds ratio	Referent (1.00)	2.78b (1.53 – 5.05)	1.74 (0.84 – 3.63)
Zinc
Low	110	23	15
High	109	46	22
Odds ratio	Referent (1.00)	2.20b (1.23 – 3.91)	1.31 (0.64 – 2.70)
Calcium
Low	110	22	15
High	109	47	22
Odds ratio	Referent (1.00)	2.32b (1.30 – 4.14)	1.34 (0.65 – 2.76)

Odds ratio was adjusted for age and sex.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs others.