Adiponectin as a protective factor in hepatic steatosis

Table 1 Anthropometric, metabolic, and biochemical variables of cases and controls (mean±SD).

Variable	Cases (n = 98)	Controls (n = 98)	P1
Age (yr)	48.5 (11.3)	44.4 (11.9)	0.012
Weight (kg)	82.1 (12.5)	72.0 (17.4)	<0.00012
Height (cm)	167.8 (8.9)	168.1 (9.4)	0.96
Waist (cm)	98.7 (9.1)	85.1 (11.1)	<0.00012
Hip (cm)	107.4 (9.6)	99.6 (6.4)	<0.00012
Waist to hip ratio	0.92 (0.07)	0.85 (0.09)	<0.00012
BMI	29.2 (3.7)	24.7 (3.0)	<0.00012
Body fat (%)	31.2 (6.7)	26.3 (6.4)	<0.00012
Alcohol (g/d)	5.5 (10.9)	4.5 (6.6)	0.95
Cigarettes (n/d)	3.6 (8.2)	3.6 (9.9)	0.9
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.86 (2.26)	4.91 (0.59)	<0.00012
Insulin (pmol/L)	65.28 (36.8)	36.11 (22.91)	<0.00012
HOMA index	2.5 (1.9)	1.2 (0.9)	<0.00012
Uric acid (mmol/L)	374.72 (77.32)	333.08 (83.27)	0.0032
Total protein (g/L)	71 (4)	70 (5)	0.56
Albumin (g/L)	41 (3)	41 (3)	0.39
Total bilirubin (mmol/L)	17.1 (9.91)	15.56 (6.49)	0.3
Direct bilirubin (mmol/L)	2.56 (4.27)	2.39 (1.19)	0.39
Indirect bilirubin (mmol/L)	14.19 (6.32)	12.99 (6.15)	0.11
ALT (U/L)	32.0 (17.2)	24.6 (7.2)	<0.00012
AST (U/L)	42.8 (29.5)	26.6 (14.3)	<0.00012
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)	69.7 (23.4)	63.9 (20.4)	0.042
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.61 (1.08)	5.09 (0.84)	<0.00012
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	3.57 (0.83)	3.25 (0.74)	0.0032
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.96 (0.23)	1.06 (0.26)	0.0032
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	2.56 (2.4)	1.71 (1.31)	<0.00012
Leptin (mg/mL)	12.5 (8.5)	9.10 (5.6)	0.006
Adiponectin (mg/mL)	15.3 (9.0)	20.7 (10.8)	<0.00012

¹Mann–Whitney U test.

²Significant differences.