Effects of narcotic analgesic drugs on human Oddi’s sphincter motility

Table 4 Manometric data before and after administration of tramadol in 10 patients (mean ± SD)

	Before tramadol	10 min after tramadol	20 min after tramadol
	administration (n = 10)	administration (n = 10)	administration (n = 10)
Sphincter of Oddi basal pressure (mmHg)	7.01 ± 5.50	2.87 ± 2.78a	6.39 ± 5.37
Amplitude of phasic contractions (mmHg)	63.34 ± 35.29	45.90 ± 27.86c	35.97 ± 24.30d
Frequency of phasic contractions (n/min)	7.24 ± 2.52	8.14 ± 2.54	7.07 ± 3.70
Common bile duct pressure (mmHg)	4.41 ± 2.65	3.97 ± 4.69	4.96 ± 2.82

^aP,

^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs themselves, n represents the number of patients involved in the research.