Quantitative detection of common deletion of mitochondrial DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular nodular hyperplasia

Figure 1 Human mitochondrial DNA showing the 4997-bp deletion. The genes disrupted by the 4997 bp deletion between nucleotide positions 8469 and 13447 encode four polypeptides for complex I (ND3, ND4, ND4L and ND5), one for complex IV (CO III) and two for complex V (ATP8 and ATP6), and five tRNA genes for the amino acids G, R, H, S and L. CD represent the PCR primers position that flank the common deletion region.