Prophylactic tracheal intubation for upper GI bleeding: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Details of the studies

Ref.	Study type	Country	Time	No. of	Group	n	Age (mean/	Gender	Population
				patients			median years)	(% male)	(inclusion criteria)
Koch et al[25]	Retrospective	United States	1995-2002	62	PI	42	49	74	Bleeding varices
					No PI	20	48	65	No radiographic or clinical respiratory issues
Rehman et al[24]	Retrospective	United States	2002-2006	98	PI	49	62b	61	Cirrhosis
					No PI	49	68b	82	Hematemesis
									Shock
aPerisetti et al[26]	Retrospective	United States	2000-2013	138	PI	69	61b	NA	Endoscopy with intubation
					No PI	69	66b	NA	Matched controls
aTang et al[27]	Retrospective	United States	2008-2013	69	PI	43	53	69.8	Endoscopy in suspected
					No PI	26	55	61.5	variceal bleeding

^aAbstract;

^bMedian. PI: Prophylactic intubation; NA: Data not available.

Table 2 Quality assessment of studies included in meta-analysis

Ref.	Study design	Selection bias	Confounders	Blinding	Data collection	Withdrawals	Intervention	Analyses	Quality
					methods	and dropouts	integrity		assessment
Koch et al[25]	Retrospective	Moderate	Moderate	Weak	Strong	NA	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	Moderate
Rehman et al[24]	Retrospective	Moderate	Strong	Weak	Strong	NA	Strong	Moderate	Moderate
	Moderate
Perisetti et al[26]	Retrospective	Moderate	Weak	Weak	Strong	NA	Moderate	Moderate	Weak
	Moderate
Tang et al[27]	Retrospective	Moderate	Strong	Weak	Strong	NA	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
	Moderate

NA: Data not available.