Artificial intelligence in oculoplasty: Current applications and future perspectives

Figure 1 Conceptual summary of artificial intelligence applications in oculoplasty. The diagram illustrates how artificial intelligence (AI) integrates across four key domains – eyelid, orbital, lacrimal, and reconstructive surgery – each contributing to diagnostic precision, surgical planning, and outcome prediction. A central AI core connects these domains through a workflow of data input: (1) AI analysis; (2) Surgical planning; and (3) Outcome prediction. Surrounding elements highlight current challenges (data scarcity, ethical and medico-legal concerns, and clinical integration) and emerging trends shaping the field’s future (multimodal AI, robotic navigation, and tele-oculoplasty). AI: Artificial intelligence; DCR: Dacryocystorhinostomy.