Prognostic value of early changes in artificial intelligence-based computed tomography-measured body composition in pediatric osteosarcoma receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Table 3 Univariable and multivariable analysis for the association between changes in body compartment measurements and overall survival

Variable	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age	1.094 (0.949-1.261)	0.214
Gender		0.528
Male	Reference
Female	0.788 (0.375-1.654)
Location		0.885
Trunk	Reference
Limb	0.931 (0.354-2.449)
Maxium tumor length	1.020 (0.966-1.076)	0.478
BMI	1.038 (0.948-1.137)	0.421
Pre-chemotherapy indexes
VATI	1.004 (0.974-1.035)	0.783
SATI	1.000 (0.982-1.019)	0.966
SMI	1.033 (0.999-1.069)	0.057	1.041 (1.003-1.081)	0.033
SMD	1.035 (0.976-1.097)	0.250
ALP	1.001 (1.000-1.002)	0.043	0.999 (0.997-1.001)	0.172
SII	1.000 (1.000-1.001)	0.138
PNI	0.922 (0.872-0.976)	0.005	0.929 (0.872-0.989)	0.022
Post-chemotherapy indexes
VATI	1.000 (0.968-1.033)	0.996
SATI	0.999 (0.980-1.017)	0.874
SMI	1.018 (0.975-1.062)	0.418
SMD	1.026 (0.962-1.094)	0.441
ALP	1.002 (1.001-1.003)	0.001	1.003 (1.001-1.005)	0.007
SII	1.000 (1.000-1.000)	0.385
PNI	1.001 (0.955-1.050)	0.953
ΔVATI	1.005 (0.940-1.075)	0.881
ΔSATI	1.036 (0.998-1.076)	0.063	1.010 (0.970-1.051)	0.634
ΔSMI	1.032 (0.979-1.088)	0.240
ΔSMD	1.115 (1.042-1.193)	0.002	1.113 (1.035-1.197)	0.004
ΔSII	1.000 (1.000-1.001)	0.181
ΔPNI	0.970 (0.914-1.029)	0.313

Δ: Body compartment area change per 30 days. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; BMI: Body mass index; VATI: Visceral adipose tissue index; SATI: Subcutaneous adipose tissue index; SMI: Skeletal muscle index; SMD: Skeletal muscle density; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index.