Magnetic resonance imaging-based deep learning model for prediction of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and survival prognosis in adolescents with osteosarcoma

doi:10.35713/aic.v7.i1.116460

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Artificial Intelligence in Cancer

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2644-3228

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

Artif Intell Cancer. Sep 8, 2026; 7(1): 116460
Published online Sep 8, 2026. doi: 10.35713/aic.v7.i1.116460

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of adolescents and young adults with osteosarcoma in the training and testing cohort, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Characteristic	All subjects (n = 134)	Training cohort (n = 94)	Testing cohort (n = 40)	P value
Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy				0.883
pGR	59 (44.0)	41 (43.6)	18 (45.0)
Non-pGR	75 (56.0)	53 (56.4)	22 (55.0)
Age, years	16 (3)	16 (3)	17 (4)	0.478
≤ 14	97 (72.4)	70 (74.5)	27 (67.5)	0.409
> 14	37 (27.6)	24 (25.5)	13 (32.5)
Gender				0.184
Female	62 (46.3)	47 (50.0)	15 (37.5)
Male	72 (53.7)	47 (50.0)	25 (62.5)
Tumor size, cm	7.3 (5.2)	7.3 (4.7)	8.1 (5.9)	0.662
≤ 10	98 (73.1)	71 (75.5)	27 (67.5)	0.337
> 10	36 (26.9)	23 (24.5)	13 (32.5)
Location				0.623
Extremity	78 (58.2)	56 (59.6)	22 (55.0)
Trunk	56 (41.8)	38 (40.4)	18 (45.0)
HGB¹, g/L	133 (26)	133 (22)	130 (28)	0.399
Abnormal	41 (30.6)	26 (27.7)	15 (37.5)	0.258
Normal	93 (69.4)	68 (72.3)	25 (62.5)
Platelet, 10⁹/L	211 (103)	210 (102)	219 (98)	0.846
Abnormal (> 300)	26 (19.4)	19 (20.2)	7 (17.5)	0.716
Normal (≤ 300)	108 (80.6)	75 (79.8)	33 (82.5)
WBC, 10⁹/L	5.84 (2.34)	6.00 (2.30)	5.68 (2.69)	0.307
Abnormal (≤ 4)	20 (14.9)	13 (13.8)	7 (17.5)	0.585
Normal (> 4)	114 (85.1)	81 (86.2)	33 (82.5)
ALB, g/L	42.8 (6.2)	42.8 (5.8)	42.8 (7.0)	0.967
Abnormal (≤ 40)	40 (29.9)	26 (27.7)	14 (35.0)	0.395
Normal (> 40)	94 (70.1)	68 (72.3)	26 (65.0)
ALP, U/L	99 (104)	98 (101)	114 (114)	0.874
Abnormal (> 140)	42 (31.3)	29 (30.9)	13 (32.5)	0.851
Normal (≤ 140)	92 (68.7)	65 (69.1)	27 (67.5)
LDH, U/L	170 (77)	169 (77)	170 (77)	0.948
Abnormal (> 220)	35 (26.1)	25 (26.6)	10 (25.0)	0.847
Normal (≤ 220)	99 (73.9)	69 (73.4)	30 (75.0)
Duration of hospitalization, day	15 (12)	15 (12)	15 (13)	0.608
≤ 14	66 (49.3)	46 (48.9)	20 (50.0)	0.910
> 14	68 (50.7)	48 (51.1)	20 (50.0)
OS, month	28 (24)	30 (30)	26 (17)	0.192

¹For male, hemoglobin < 130 is defined abnormal; for female, hemoglobin < 115 is defined abnormal.

pGR: Pathological good response; HGB: Hemoglobin; WBC: White blood cell; ALB: Serum albumin; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; OS: Overall survival.

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Citation: Yang YH. Magnetic resonance imaging-based deep learning model for prediction of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and survival prognosis in adolescents with osteosarcoma. Artif Intell Cancer 2026; 7(1): 116460
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2644-3228/full/v7/i1/116460.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.35713/aic.v7.i1.116460