Therapeutic tumor vaccines — a rising star to benefit cancer patients

Table 1 Selected list of tumor vaccine under recruitment in clinical trials

Vaccine type		Disease	Combination	Phase	NCT ID
Tumor cell vaccine	GVAX	Neuroblastoma. Pediatric Solid Tumor	Nivolumab. Ipilimumab	Phase I	NCT04239040
		Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	Nivolumab CCR2/CCR5 dual antagonist	Phase I; Phase II	NCT03767582
		Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	Epacadostat. Pembrolizumab CRS-207 CY	Phase II	NCT03006302
		Colorectal Cancer		Phase I	NCT01952730
	GVAX Pancreas Vaccine	Pancreatic Cancer	Cyclophosphamide Nivolumab	Phase II	NCT03161379
		Pancreatic Cancer	Cyclophosphamide Nivolumab Urelumab	Phase I; Phase II	NCT02451982
	GM-CSF vaccine	Multiple Myeloma	Lenalidomide Prevnar13	Phase II	NCT03376477
DC Vaccine	AST-VAC2	NSCLC in the Advanced and Adjuvant Settings		Phase I	NCT03371485
	MIDRIXNEO	NSCLC	Antigen-specific DTH. Control DTH	Phase I	NCT04078269
	Autologous Dendritic Cell-Adenovirus CCL21 Vaccine	NSCLC Stage IV, IVA, IVB Lung Cancer AJCC v8	Pembrolizumab	Phase I	NCT03546361
	Autologous DCs: MESOVAX	Mesothelioma. Malignant PD-L1 Negative Advanced Cancer Progressive Disease	Pembrolizumab. Interleukin-2	Phase I	NCT03546426
	PEP-DC vaccine	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma		Phase I	NCT04627246
	ME TARP vaccine	Prostate Cancer		Phase II	NCT02362451
	DC/AML Fusion Vaccine	Acute Myelogenous Leukemia	Decitabine	Phase I	NCT03679650
		Acute Myelogenous Leukemia		Phase II	NCT03059485
	mDC3/8-KRAS Vaccine	Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma		Phase I	NCT03592888
	Autologous DC vaccine: RaC-Ad	Head Neck Tumors, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Soft Tissue Sarcoma Rare Cancer	Interleukin-2	Phase II	NCT04166006
	COREVAX-1	Stage IV Colorectal Cancer Curative Resection	Interleukin-2	Phase II	NCT02919644
	Autologous DCs + Prevnar 13	Stage III, IIIA, IIIB, IV, IVA, IVB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8, Stage III, IIIA, IIIB, IV Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma AJCC v8, Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma	Radiation: External Beam Radiation Therapy	Early Phase I	NCT03942328
	DC Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine: ATL-DC	Recurrent Glioblastoma	Pembrolizumab poly-ICLC	Phase I	NCT04201873
	Dendritic Cell/Tumor Fusion Vaccine	Glioblastoma, Neuroectodermal Tumors	Interleukin-12 Temozolomide	Phase I; Phase II	NCT04388033
	DC1 Vaccine+ WOKVAC Vaccine	Female Breast Cancer, Male Breast Cancer, Stage I, II, III Breast Cancer, HER2-positive Breast Cancer		Phase II	NCT03384914
	neoantigen-primed DC vaccine	Gastric Cancer, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, NSCLC, Colon Rectal Cancer		Phase I	NCT04147078
	MG-7-DC vaccine	Later stage of gastric cancer	Sintilimab	Phase I; Phase II	NCT04567069
	IKKb matured, RNA-loaded DC vaccine	Melanoma, Uveal Metastatic		Phase II	NCT04335890
Peptide vaccine	UCPVax: VolATIL	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck, Anal Canal Cancer, Cervical Cancer	Atezolizumab	Phase II	NCT03946358
	UCPVax-Glio	Glioblastoma		Phase I; Phase II	NCT04280848
	UCPVax	Metastatic NSCLC		Phase I; Phase II	NCT02818426
	MUC1	NSCLC	PolyICLC	Phase I; Phase II	NCT01720836
	SVN53-67/M57-KLH	Lung Atypical Carcinoid Tumor, Lung Typical Carcinoid Tumor, Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor	Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant Octreotide Acetate Sargramostim	Phase I	NCT03879694
	NSABP FB-14/AE37	Triple-negative Breast Cancer	Pembrolizumab	Phase II	NCT04024800
	KRAS peptide vaccine	Colorectal Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer	Nivolumab Ipilimumab	Phase I	NCT04117087
	da VINc/OTSGC-A24	Gastric Cancer	Nivolumab Ipilimumab	Phase I	NCT03784040
	ARG1-18, 19, 20	NSCLC, Urothelial Carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma, Ovarian Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Breast Cancer, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck, Metastatic Cancer		Phase I	NCT03689192
	Personalized peptide vaccine	Stage IV, IVA, IVB Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7, Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7	Imiquimod Pembrolizumab	Phase I	NCT02600949
	WT1/NY-ESO-1	Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Primary Peritoneal Cancer, Recurrent Ovarian Cancer	Nivolumab	Phase I	NCT02737787
	IMU-131/HER-Vaxx	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Adenocarcinoma	Cisplatin and either Fluorouracil (5-FU) or Capecitabine or Oxaliplatin and capecitabine	Phase I; Phase II	NCT02795988
	ESR1	Breast Cancer		Phase I	NCT04270149
	DNAJB1-PRKACA	Fibrolamellar, Hepatocellular Carcinoma	Nivolumab Ipilimumab	Phase I	NCT04248569
	H3.3K27M	Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma, Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant	Nivolumab	Phase I; Phase II	NCT02960230
	H2NVAC	Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ	Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Fator	Phase I	NCT04144023
	IDH1R132H/AMPLIFY-NEOVAC	Malignant Glioma	Avelumab	Phase I	NCT03893903
DNA Vaccine	pTVG-HP/pTVG-AR	CRPC, Metastatic Cancer	Pembrolizumab rhGM-CSF	Phase II	NCT04090528
	Mammaglobin-A	Breast Cancer		Phase I	NCT02204098
	pTVG-HP	Prostate Cancer	Nivolumab GM-CSF	Phase II	NCT03600350
	pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70	Cervical Cancer, Precancerous Condition, HPV Disease, Human Papilom-virus	Imiquimod	Phase I	NCT00788164
	Salmonella oral vaccine	Relapsed Neuroblastoma	Lenalidomide	Early Phase I	NCT04049864

NSCLC: Non-small cell lung cancer; CRPC: Castration-resistant prostate cancer; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; GM-CSF: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor.