Alshehri A, Alanezi H, Kim BS. Prognosis factors of advanced gastric cancer according to sex and age. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8(9): 1608-1619 [PMID: 32432139 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i9.1608]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Beom Su Kim, MD, PhD, Professor, Surgeon, Department of Gastric Surgery, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songp-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. bskim0251@naver.com
Research Domain of This Article
Surgery
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Cohort Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
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Table 2 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival using a Cox proportional hazards model
Characteristic
Overall survival
Recurrence-free survival
P value
HR
95%CI
P value
HR
95%CI
Sex
Male
1.000
1.000
Female
0.434
0.943
0.813-1.093
0.292
0.925
0.801-1.069
Age
≤ 60 yr
1.000
1.000
> 60 yr
0.001
1.723
1.502-1.978
0.001
1.658
1.451-1.895
Tumour size
≤ 5 cm
1.000
1.000
> 5 cm
0.001
1.455
1.252-1.690
0.001
1.505
1.302-1.740
Lymphovascular invasion
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.001
1.678
1.450-1.943
0.001
1.676
1.455-1.931
Lymph node metastasis
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.047
0.866
0.752-0.998
0.111
0.894
0.780-1.026
Depth of invasion
Muscularis propria
0.102
0.654
0.394-1.088
0.160
0.696
0.419-1.155
Sub-serosal
0.125
0.676
0.410-1.115
0.200
0.721
0.437-1.189
Serosal exposed
0.080
0.636
0.383-1.055
0.142
0.685
0.413-1.135
Serosal invasion
0.287
0.705
0.370-1.342
0.272
0.697
0.366-1.189
Histology
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well)
1.000
1.000
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate)
0.036
1.783
1.038-3.061
0.069
1.562
0.967-2.523
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly)
0.008
2.070
1.211-3.538
0.026
1.716
1.067-2.759
Signet ring cell carcinoma
0.001
2.689
1.535-4.707
0.001
2.290
1.387-3.781
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
0.156
1.601
0.836-3.066
0.236
1.431
0.791-2.588
Table 3 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival according to sex using a Cox proportional hazards model
Characteristic
Male
Female
P value
HR
95%CI
P value
HR
95%CI
Age
≤ 60 yr
1.000
1.000
> 60 yr
0.001
1.882
1.601-2.213
0.136
1.204
0.943-1.536
Tumour size
≤ 5 cm
1.000
1.000
> 5 cm
0.001
1.443
1.212-1.718
0.001
1.610
1.239-2.090
Lymphovascular invasion
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.001
1.697
1.428-2.017
0.001
1.587
1.238-2.035
Lymph node metastasis
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.166
0.890
0.754-1.050
0.437
0.907
0.709-1.161
Depth of invasion
Muscularis propria
0.025
0.521
0.295-0.920
0.736
1.220
0.385-3.866
Sub-serosal
0.044
0.565
0.324-0.986
0.824
1.139
0.362-3.587
Serosal exposed
0.039
0.551
0.314-0.970
0.986
0.990
0.311-3.147
Serosal invasion
0.264
0.669
0.330-1.354
0.653
0.693
0.140-3.434
Histology
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well)
1.000
1.000
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate)
0.043
1.754
1.017-3.026
0.886
0.929
0.337-2.559
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poor)
0.010
2.029
1.181-3.486
0.739
0.844
0.312-2.282
Signet ring cell carcinoma
0.001
3.153
1.769-5.619
0.812
0.883
0.317-2.459
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
0.359
1.390
0.688-2.810
0.896
1.080
0.342-3.409
Table 4 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival according to age using a Cox proportional hazards model
Characteristic
≤ 60 yr old
> 60 yr old
P value
HR
95%CI
P value
HR
95%CI
Sex
Male
1.000
1.000
Female
0.300
1.116
0.907-1.373
0.017
0.780
0.636-0.957
Tumour size
≤ 5 cm
1.000
1.000
> 5 cm
0.001
1.973
1.586-2.454
0.086
1.187
0.976-1.444
Lymphovascular invasion
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.001
1.783
1.441-2.206
0.001
1.580
1.307-1.910
Lymph node metastasis
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.485
0.929
0.756-1.142
0.147
0.872
0.725-1.049
Depth of invasion
Muscularis propria
0.185
0.570
0.249-1.308
0.371
0.746
0.392-1.418
Sub-serosal
0.280
0.638
0.283-1.441
0.472
0.792
0.420-1.495
Serosal exposed
0.214
0.594
0.262-1.350
0.465
0.786
0.412-1.500
Serosal invasion
0.518
0.724
0.272-1.929
0.549
0.765
0.318-1.839
Histology
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well)
1.000
1.000
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate)
0.731
0.891
0.463-1.718
0.010
2.547
1.246-5.205
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly)
0.929
0.972
0.514-1.837
0.004
2.812
1.380-5.730
Signet ring cell carcinoma
0.427
1.309
0.674-2.543
0.001
3.652
1.700-7.843
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
0.134
0.525
0.226-1.220
0.002
3.847
1.648-8.979
Table 5 Analysis of lymph node metastasis using the chi-squared test and a logistic regression model
Characteristic
Lymph node metastasis
Univariate
Multivariate
Yes
No
P value
OR
95%CI
P value
Sex
Male
766 (71)
618 (66.7)
0.040
1.000
Female
313 (29)
308 (33.3)
0.840
0.682-1.034
0.099
Age
≤ 60 yr
573 (53.1)
496 (53.6)
0.837
1.000
> 60 yr
506 (46.9)
430 (46.4)
1.035
0.854-1.255
0.726
Tumour size
≤ 5 cm
580 (53.8)
316 (34.1)
0.001
1.000
> 5 cm
499 (46.2)
610 (65.9)
0.552
0.453-0.674
0.001
Lymphovascular invasion
Yes
415 (38.5)
608 (65.7)
0.001
0.356
0.294-0.431
0.001
No
664 (61.5)
318 (34.3)
1.000
Depth of invasion
Muscularis propria
252 (23.4)
252 (27.2)
0.647
0.297-1.409
0.273
Sub-serosal
453 (42)
412 (44.5)
0.711
0.329-1.537
0.386
Serosal exposed
327 (30.3)
233 (25.2)
0.908
0.418-1.975
0.808
Serosal invasion
30 (2.8)
18 (1.9)
1.078
0.414-2.809
0.877
Histology
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well)
46 (4.3)
16 (1.8)
0.011
1.000
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate)
342 (32.3)
282 (31)
0.560
0.301-1.043
0.068
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly)
519 (49)
473 (52)
0.583
0.315-1.080
0.086
Signet ring cell carcinoma
119 (11.2)
100 (11)
0.676
0.347-1.318
0.251
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
33 (3.1)
38 (4.2)
0.474
0.218-1.029
0.059
Table 6 Analysis of lymph node metastasis according to sex using a logistic regression model
Characteristic
Male
Female
P value
OR
95%CI
P value
OR
95%CI
Age
≤ 60 yr
1.000
1.000
> 60 yr
0.919
1.012
0.804-1.274
0.512
1.127
0.789-1.610
Tumour size
≤ 5 cm
1.000
1.000
> 5 cm
0.001
0.532
0.418-0.677
0.006
0.605
0.425-0.863
Lymphovascular invasion
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.001
0.359
0.284-0.453
0.001
0.357
0.254-0.501
Depth of invasion
Muscularis propria
0.684
0.823
0.323-2.098
0.190
0.387
0.094-1.601
Sub-serosal
0.735
0.852
0.338-2.149
0.298
0.474
0.116-1.035
Serosal exposed
0.934
1.040
0.409-2.645
0.585
0.673
0.163-2.779
Serosal invasion
0.817
1.143
0.369-3.540
1.000
1.000
0.160-6.255
Histology
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well)
1.000
1.000
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate)
0.044
0.489
0.244-0.980
0.853
1.157
0.247-5.405
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poor)
0.047
0.497
0.249-0.992
0.726
1.312
0.288-5.979
Signet ring cell carcinoma
0.122
0.543
0.251-1.177
0.520
1.673
0.349-8.015
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
0.048
0.411
0.170-0.992
0.945
1.065
0.178-6.387
Table 7 Analysis of lymph node metastasis according to age using a logistic regression model
Characteristic
≤ 60 yr old
> 60 yr old
P value
OR
95%CI
P value
OR
95%CI
Sex
Male
1.000
1.000
Female
0.066
0.762
0.571-1.018
0.543
0.910
0.670-1.235
Tumour size
≤ 5 cm
1.000
1.000
> 5 cm
0.001
0.452
0.344-0.594
0.020
0.707
0.528-0.947
Lymphovascular invasion
No
1.000
1.000
Yes
0.001
0.312
0.239-0.407
0.001
0.406
0.307-0.536
Depth of invasion
Muscularis propria
0.024
0.169
0.036-0.790
0.452
1.477
0.535-4.077
Sub-serosal
0.046
0.211
0.046-0.975
0.444
1.481
0.541-4.056
Serosal exposed
0.122
0.298
0.064-1.381
0.332
1.659
0.597-4.607
Serosal invasion
0.324
0.422
0.076-2.341
0.503
1.571
0.418-5.903
Histology
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well)
1.000
1.000
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate)
0.340
0.644
0.261-1.589
0.088
0.465
0.193-1.121
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poor)
0.788
0.885
0.364-2.151
0.031
0.381
0.158-0.918
Signet ring cell carcinoma
0.909
0.947
0.370-2.424
0.166
0.496
0.184-1.339
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
0.483
0.677
0.228-2.014
0.068
0.346
0.111-1.080
Citation: Alshehri A, Alanezi H, Kim BS. Prognosis factors of advanced gastric cancer according to sex and age. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8(9): 1608-1619