Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Clin Cases. Jan 26, 2019; 7(2): 122-129
Published online Jan 26, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i2.122
Table 1 Comparison of clinical data between the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group and laparoscopy group n (%)
Before PSM
After PSM
NOSES (n = 26)LAP (n = 82)P-valueNOSES (n = 26)LAP (n = 26)P-value
Age (yr)63.1 ± 8.360.3 ± 6.80.25163.1 ± 8.361.5 ± 7.60.480
Sex0.3450.157
Male17 (65.4)45 (54.9)17 (65.4)15 (57.7)
Female9 (34.6)37 (45.1)9 (34.6)11 (42.3)
BMI (kg/m2)26.5 ± 4.725.8 ± 3.50.26426.5 ± 4.726.4 ± 4.60.965
ASA grade0.3840.535
I8 (30.8)16 (19.5)8 (30.8)11 (42.3)
II16 (61.5)54 (65.9)16 (61.5)12 (46.2)
III2 (7.7)12 (14.6)2 (7.7)3 (11.5)
Distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the anal margin (cm)4.9 ± 0.74.9 ± 0.60.8124.9 ± 0.75.0 ± 0.70.700
Preoperative CEA (ng/mL)3.1 ± 1.23.3 ± 1.00.7453.1 ± 1.22.9 ± 0.80.624
cTNM grade0.2020.140
T14 (15.3)7 (8.5)4 (15.3)1 (3.8)
T214 (53.8)34 (41.5)14 (53.8)20 (76.9)
T38 (30.7)41 (50)8 (30.7)5 (19.2)
Table 2 Comparison of intraoperative and postoperative data between the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group and laparoscopy group n (%)
OutcomeNOSES (n = 26)LAP (n = 26)P-value
Operative time (min)182.1 ± 22.9185.4 ± 26.60.628
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)60.8 ± 50.066.2 ± 48.40.695
Number of dissected lymph nodes (pieces)13.8 ± 2.013.7 ± 1.40.752
CRM0 (0)2 (7.7)0.490
Postoperative VAS< 0.0011
Day 12.7 ± 1.84.6 ± 1.9
Day 32.0 ± 1.14.1 ± 1.2
Day 51.7 ± 0.93.3 ± 1.0
Usage rate of additional analgesics3 (11.5)16 (61.5)0.001
Postoperative complication rate6 (23.1)10 (38.5)0.229
Time to gastrointestinal function recovery (d)2.6 ± 1.03.4 ± 0.90.006
Length of postoperative hospital stay (d)7.1 ± 1.78.3 ± 1.10.003
Follow-up0.428
Local recurrence0 (0)1 (3.8)
Distant metastasis2 (7.7)3 (11.5)
Death1 (7.7)0 (0)
Postoperative anal function0.448
No LARS3 (11.5)4 (15.4)
Minor LARS20 (76.9)16 (61.5)
Major LARS3 (11.5)6 (23.1)
Postoperative satisfaction rate of abdominal wall appearance< 0.001
Satisfied26 (100)6 (23.1)
Dissatisfied0 (0)20 (76.9)