HLA antigens in individuals with down syndrome and alopecia areata

Table 1 Demographic and disease variables according the group n (%)

Variable	Category	DS group (A)		AA group (B)		DS + AA group (C)		P value1
Gender	Male	7	(70.0)	7	(70.0)	7	(30.0)	1.000
	Female	3	(30.0)	3	(30.0)	3	(30.0)
Age, mo	Avarage ± SD (median)	224.1 ± 86.0 (233.5)		217.3 ± 90.2 (197.0)		224.3 ± 86.9 (223.5)		0.9702
Clinical presentation	1 lesion S			1	(10.0)	1	(10.0)	Descrip-tive
	1 lesion S/cilium			1	(10.0)	0	0.0
	Lesions S			6	(60.0)	9	(90.0)
	Lesion S/total			1	(10.0)	0	0.0
	Lesion S/total/eyebrow			1	(10.0)	0	0.0
Family history of alopecia	Yes	0	0	2	(20.0)	0	0	0.230
	No	10	(100.0)	8	(80.0)	10	(100.0)
Karyotype	free trisomy	7	(100.0)			6	(85.7)	0.500
	Translocation	0	0			1	(14.3)
Ethnic group	Caucasian	6	(60.0)	3	(30.0)	7	(70.0)	0.270
	Non-Caucasian	4	(40.0)	7	(70.0)	3	(30.0)
Family (n)	0	0	0	2	(20.0)	1	(10.0)	Descrip-tive
	1	3	(30.0)	5	(50.0)	3	(30.0)
	2	2	(20.0)	1	(10.0)	0	0.0
	3	2	(20.0)	1	(10.0)	0	0.0
	4	0	0.0	1	(10.0)	2	(20.0)
	5	1	(10.0)	0	0.0	2	(20.0)
	6	1	(10.0)	0	0.0	1	(10.0)
	7	1	(10.0)	0	0.0	1	(10.0)
Family (n)	Avarage ± SD (median)	3.1 ± 2.2 (2.5)		1.4 ± 1.3 (1)		3.4 ± 2.5 (4)		0.0852

¹Fisher exact test;

²Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. S: Scalp; DS: Down syndrome; AA: Alopecia areata.

Table 2 Distribution of the most frequent human leukocyte antigen A, B, C, DQB1 and DRB1 alleles

Alleles	DS group (A)		AA group (B)		DS + AA group (C)		P value1
HLA-A 02	4	(40.0)	3	(30.0)	5	(50.0)	0.890
HLA-A 24	1	(10.0)	0	0.0	3	(30.0)	0.290
HLA-A 36	3	(30.0)	0	0.0	0	0.0	0.089
HLA-B 15	4	(40.0)	0	0.0	1	(10.0)	0.094
HLA-B 35	1	(10.0)	2	(20.0)	3	(30.0)	0.850
HLA-B 44	0	0.0	2	(20.0)	4	(40.0)	0.120
HLA-B 53	3	(30.0)	1	(10.0)	1	(10.0)	0.570
HLA-C 02	4	(40.0)	0	0.0	2	(20.0)	0.120
HLA-C 07	4	(40.0)	3	(30.0)	5	(50.0)	0.890
HLA-C 15	1	(10.0)	3	(30.0)	0	0.0	0.290
HLA-DQB1 02	6	(60.0)	3	(30.0)	4	(40.0)	0.530
HLA-DQB1 03	2	(20.0)	6	(60.0)	5	(50.0)	0.270
HLA-DRB1 01	1	(10.0)	2	(20.0)	3	(30.0)	0.850
HLA-DRB1 03	4	(40.0)	3	(30.0)	2	(20.0)	0.880
HLA-DRB1 04	0	0.0	1	(10.0)	2	(20.0)	0.750
HLA-DRB1 11	1	(10.0)	3	(30.0)	3	(30.0)	0.640
HLA-DRB1 13	3	(30.0)	2	(20.0)	4	(40.0)	0.880

¹Fisher Exact test. HLA-A 01, -03, -11, -23, -25, -30, -31, -32, -33, -66, -68, -80. HLA-B 07, -08, -13, -14, -27, -37, -40, -42, -48, -49, - 50, -51, -52,- 57, -58, -81. HLA-C 01, -03,- 04,- 05, -06,- 08, -14,-16,-17. HLA-DQB1 04, -05, -06. HLA-DRB1 01, -07, -08, -10, -12, -15, -16 alleles had a frequency less than 1 and were not included in the Table 2. HLA: Human leukocyte antigen; DS: Down syndrome; AA: Alopecia areata.