Elevated soluble 4-1BB is associated with serum markers of hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Figure 3 Expression of 4-1BB in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B and healthy adults. A-C: Soluble 4-1BB (s4-1BB) mRNA levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD4⁺ T cells, and CD8⁺ T cells in peripheral blood were compared between patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and healthy adults. Horizontal lines indicate the median values ± standard error of the mean, and P values were obtained by the Mann–Whitney U test or unpaired t test according to the characteristics of the data.