Identification of independent risk factors for intraoperative gastroesophageal reflux in adult patients undergoing general anesthesia

Table 3 The factors associated with gastroesophageal reflux time by multivariate linear regression analyses

Variables	β value	SE	t value	P value
Intercept	12.061	17.616	0.685	0.494
Gender	1.732	3.079	0.563	0.574
Age (yr) (continuous)	0.277	0.095	2.903	0.004
Type of surgery	-0.898	3.178	-0.283	0.778
Operative time (min) (continuous)	0.103	0.031	3.378	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2) (continuous)	-0.667	0.517	-1.290	0.197
Intraoperative blood loss (mL) (continuous)	-0.007	0.007	-1.057	0.291
Smoking status	6.843	3.821	1.791	0.074
Alcohol intake	3.309	4.692	0.705	0.481
Pharyngitis	33.566	3.418	9.820	< 0.001
History of gastroesophageal reflux	13.809	6.111	2.260	0.024
Other digestive tract diseases	1.165	5.896	0.198	0.844
Hypertension	-8.575	3.593	-2.386	0.017
Diabetes mellitus	-2.448	4.280	-0.572	0.568
History of asthma	-2.465	6.177	-0.399	0.690
Psychiatric history	-5.423	9.060	-0.599	0.550
History of respiratory infection (within 2 mo)	-7.538	9.566	-0.788	0.431
History of surgery	4.426	6.443	0.687	0.492
Lidocaine (2% mL) (continuous)	-1.224	0.927	-1.320	0.187
Palliative (d vs midazolam)	4.683	3.009	1.556	0.120
Sufentanil (g)
10	ref	-	-	-
15	1.823	11.849	0.154	0.878
20	2.301	13.692	0.168	0.867
Propofol (mg) (continuous)	-0.174	0.160	-1.093	0.275
Arden (mg) (continuous)	1.408	1.857	0.758	0.449
Rocuronium bromide (continuous)	-0.061	0.337	-0.182	0.856
Sufentanil (continuous)	-0.086	0.214	-0.401	0.689
SAI (continuous)	-0.053	0.031	-0.253	0.546
TAI (continuous)	-0.027	0.087	-0.436	0.658
SDS (continuous)	0.011	0.053	0.211	0.432

BMI: Body mass index; GER: Gastroesophageal reflux; SAI: State anxiety inventory; SE: Standard error; SDS: Self-rating depression scale; TAI: Trait anxiety inventory.