Association between plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 levels and cognitive function in perinatal pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Table 2 MoCA test scores

	GDM	HP	CG	P value (GDM vs HP)	P value (GDM vs CG)	P value (HP vs CG)
Sample	81	85	51
Visuospatial/executive	4.52 ± 0.84	4.65 ± 0.63	4.94 ± 0.31	0.21	0.01	0.01
Naming	3.00 ± 0.00	3.00 ± 0.00	3.00 ± 0.00	/	/	/
Attention	5.53 ± 0.84	5.58 ± 0.70	5.92 ± 0.27	0.64	0.001	0.01
Language	2.65 ± 0.53	2.83 ± 0.40	2.96 ± 0.20	0.01	< 0.001	0.08
Abstraction	1.98 ± 0.16	1.98 ± 0.14	2.00 ± 0.00	/	/	/
Orientation	6.00 ± 0.00	5.99 ± 0.10	6.00 ± 0.00	/	/	/
Delayed recall	2.80 ± 1.14	3.61 ± 1.20	4.16 ± 0.92	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.01
Total	26.99 ± 1.78	28.01 ± 1.80	29.00 ± 1.16	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
MoCA ≤ 25	20 (24.7)	2 (2.4)	0	< 0.001	/	/

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or number. MoCA: Montreal cognitive assessment; GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus; HP: Healthy pregnant group; CG: Control group.