Risk factors for relapse and nomogram for relapse probability prediction in patients with minor ischemic stroke

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients

		Derivation cohort (n = 796)			Validation cohort (n = 448)
		Favorable outcome	Unfavorable outcome	P	Favorable outcome	Unfavorable outcome	P
		n = 750	n = 46		n = 423	n = 25
Age, median (IQR)		63 (52, 71)	64.5 (59, 72)	0.26	63 (52, 70)	69 (62, 75)	0.03
Sex				0.87			0.01
	Female	217 (28.9%)	14 (30.4%)		132 (31.2%)	2 (8.0%)
	Male	533 (71.1%)	32 (69.6%)		291 (68.8%)	23 (92.0%)
Hypertension		469 (62.5%)	26 (56.5%)	0.44	261 (61.7%)	17 (68.0%)	0.67
Diabetes		229 (30.5%)	18 (39.1%)	0.25	99 (23.4%)	3 (12.0%)	0.23
FPG, median (IQR)		5.6 (5, 7.33)	5.915 (4.66, 7.22)	0.67	5.41 (4.89, 6.65)	4.85 (4.57, 5.45)	0.02
Cardiopathy		59 (7.9%)	7 (15.2%)	0.09	40 (9.5%)	7 (28.0%)	< 0.01
Smoking		188 (25.1%)	15 (32.6%)	0.29	100 (23.6%)	11 (44.0%)	0.03
UA, median (IQR)		298 (243, 359)	280 (179, 332)	0.04	306 (238, 364)	298 (179, 354)	0.61
UN, median (IQR)		5.3 (4.48, 6.54)	4.82 (3.81, 6.36)	0.11	5.5 (4.38, 6.98)	5.8 (3.81, 6.3)	0.34
Hcy, median (IQR)		13.96 (11.07, 19.03)	13.56 (10.01, 18.4)	0.33	14.04 (10.53, 17.6)	16.43 (10.01, 26.82)	0.18
CRP, median (IQR)		1.415 (0.51, 6.13)	1.325 (0.6, 3.9)	0.58	1.62 (0.56, 4.7)	1.56 (0.89, 3.57)	0.94
TC, median (IQR)		4.435 (3.84, 5.2)	4.89 (3.96, 5.36)	0.08	4.4 (3.89, 5.04)	5.02 (3.49, 5.75)	0.16
TG, median (IQR)		1.52 (1.08, 2.12)	1.72 (1.32, 2.45)	0.09	1.47 (1.06, 2.05)	1.38 (0.89, 1.86)	0.46
LDLC, median (IQR)		2.615 (2.04, 3.25)	3.15 (2.34, 3.52)	0.03	2.57 (2.14, 3.19)	3.26 (2.3, 3.71)	0.04
Stable plaques		288 (38.4%)	18 (39.1%)	1.00	147 (34.8%)	6 (24.0%)	0.39
Vulnerable plaque		400 (53.3%)	21 (45.7%)	0.36	217 (51.3%)	10 (40.0%)	0.31
Alcohol drinking		256 (34.1%)	18 (39.1%)	0.52	131 (31.0%)	11 (44.0%)	0.19
HDLC, median (IQR)		1.1 (0.94, 1.36)	1.145 (0.9, 1.28)	0.56	1.12 (0.95, 1.37)	1.14 (1.05, 1.46)	0.47
APOA, median (IQR)		1.35 (1.21, 1.55)	1.415 (1.19, 1.58)	0.56	1.35 (1.22, 1.54)	1.46 (1.19, 1.53)	0.47
APOB, median (IQR)		0.925 (0.73, 1.09)	1.1 (0.84, 1.22)	< 0.01	0.91 (0.73, 1.08)	1 (0.75, 1.16)	0.46
LP(a), median (IQR)		208.5 (112, 340)	173.5 (124, 371)	0.78	187 (106, 329)	151 (129, 371)	0.99
Cr, median (IQR)		55.65 (14.72, 72.1)	65.1 (48.6, 80)	< 0.01	55.9 (14.7, 69.8)	70.2 (48.8, 78.3)	0.01
STBL, median (IQR)		17.985 (11.7, 58)	15.11 (11.5, 19.03)	0.02	17.23 (11.7, 60.2)	14.86 (11.5, 17.3)	0.19
Ferritin, median (IQR)		220.85 (136.59, 324.3)	255.57 (218.1, 426.1)	< 0.01	207.18 (131.2, 318.78)	252.2 (191.83, 350.6)	0.09
GHb, median (IQR)		6.66 (5.82, 7.94)	7.18 (6.3, 9.09)	0.14	5.82 (4.68, 7.4)	5.91 (4.53, 6.72)	0.33
SBP, median (IQR)		142 (130, 158)	147 (139, 163)	0.08	140 (129, 155)	140 (120, 154)	0.49
DBP, median (IQR)		82 (75, 92)	84.5 (80, 90)	0.48	82 (75, 91)	89 (81, 90)	0.28

IQR: Interquartile range; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; UA: Uric acid; UN: Urea nitrogen; Hcy: Homocysteine; CRP: C-reactive protein; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDLC: Clow-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDLC: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; APOA: Apolipoprotein A; APOB: Apolipoprotein B; LP(a): Lipoproteins a; Cr: Creatinine; STBL: Serum total bilirubin; GHb: Glycosylated hemoglobin; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure.