Clinical management and susceptibility of primary hepatic lymphoma: A cases-based retrospective study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of recruited patients

Characteristics	Patient numbers (%) (n = 116)
Age, median (range)	58.5 (19-92)
Years of diagnosis
1999-2009	36 (31.8)
2009-2019	80 (68.2)
Sex
Male	72 (62.1)
Female	44 (37.9)
Presentation
Abdominal pain	58 (50.0)
Fatigue	21 (18.1)
Nausea and vomiting	13 (11.2)
Anorexia	7 (6.0)
Hepatomegaly	53 (45.6)
Splenomegaly	9 (7.7)
Asymptomatic	14 (12.0)
Lesion
Single/multiple/diffused/bulky	58 (50.0)/23 (19.8)/33 (28.4)/29 (25.0)
Lactate dehydrogenase
Elevated/normal	55 (47.4)/58 (52.6)
B symptoms
Loss of weight/fever/night sweat	39 (33.6)/36 (31.0)/9 (7.7)
Infection
HBV/HCV/EBV	15 (12.9)/12 (10.3)/9 (7.7)
Immunosuppressive status
Autoimmune disease	13 (11.2)
Rheumatic Arthritis	7 (6.0)
HIV	7 (6.0)
Differential diagnosis
HCC	21 (18.1)
Metastasis	18 (15.5)
Abscess or infection	12 (10.3)
ICC	10 (8.6)
Cholecystitis	5 (4.3)
Pseudolymphoma	4 (3.4)
Hemangioma	4 (3.4)
Treatment
Surgery	36 (31.0)
Chemotherapy/R-CHOP/CHOP	86 (74.1)/55(47.4)/10(8.6)
Radiotherapy	6 (5.1)
PHL subtypes
B cell lymphoma	99 (85.3)
DLBCL/MALT/HL/BL/FL/HGBCL	72 (62.1)/14(12.0)/4(3.4)/3(2.5)/3(2.5)/3(2.5)
T cell lymphoma	7 (6.0)
Other unclassified1	10 (11.6)
Region
Asia	72 (62.1)
Japan/China/India/South Korea	24 (20.6)/17(14.6)/16(13.7)/8(6.8)
Other	7 (6.0)
Europe	20 (17.2)
North America	15 (12.9)

¹The diagnosis of primary hepatic lymphoma was confirmed, but there was no specific subtype classification. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; ICC: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; R-CHOP: Rituximab with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone; DLBCL: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; MALT: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma; TCL: T cell lymphoma; HL: Hodgkin lymphoma; BL: Burkitt lymphoma; FL: Follicular lymphoma; HGBCL: High grade B cell lymphoma; Other: 1 primary plasmacytic hepatic lymphoma and 1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma.