Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 via fecal-oral: Current knowledge

Table 2 Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome by coronavirus 2 RNA in anal swabs or fecal sample

					SARS-CoV-2 RNA
n	Ref.	Country	n	Age	RT-PCR	Stool	PSDI	Respiratory	PRDI	Relevance information
1	Xie et al[56]	China	4	4-9 yr	AS-PS	4/4	8-33 d	4/4	11-21 d	One patient with positive stool RNA 54 d after hospital admission
2	Ge et al[57]	China	1	55 yr	FS-RS	1/1	18 d	1/1	7 d	Positive stool RNA 22 d after negative respiratory
3	Lo et al[58]	China	10	27-64 yr	FS-PS	10/10	5-19 d	10/10	9-24 d	Some patients had positive stool even with negative respiratory
4	Zhang et al[17]	China	3	6-9 yr	AS-PS	3/3	16-20 d	3/3	7-14 d	The anal swab was positive after 10 d of discharge
5	Liu et al[59]	China	9	NR	AS-PS	8/9	28-66 d	9/9	6–24 d	Positive stool RNA 46 d after discharge
6	Wang et al[60]	China	5	35-56 yr	FS-PS	5/5	11-30 d	5/5	5-9 d	Even after a negative respiratory test, IgM was positive on 2 consecutive occasions
7	Wang X et al[61]	China	3	24-42 yr	FS-PS	2/3	30-36 d	3/3	15-29 d	-
8	Xing et al[62]	China	3	ND	FS-PS	3/3	8 d-4 wk	3/3	2 wk	Positive stool RNA 8-20 d after negative respiratory
9	Chen et al[63]	China	42	42-62 yr	AS-FS	28/42	1-24 d	42/42	1-19 d	Eighteen patients remained positive for viral RNA in the feces after the pharyngeal swabs turned negative
10	Wu et al[64]	China	74	ND	FS-PS	33/74	27, 9 d	74/74	16, 7 d	Fecal positive 47 d after the onset of the first symptoms
11	Li et al[65]	China	13	33-73 yr	FS-RS	5/13	Until 38 d	13/13	5-14 d	Positive stool RNA 14-15 d after negative respiratory
12	Du et al[66]	China	10	9 mo-14 yr	FS-PS	7/10	Mean 34.43 d	10/10	Mean 9 d	Seven patients positive stool RNA 2 wk after discharge but negative respiratory and urine
13	Xiao et al[16]	China	73	10 mo-78 yr	FS-PS	39/73	1-12 d	ND	ND	Seventeen patients positive stool RNA after negative respiratory
14	Xu et al[67]	China	10	2 mo-15 yr	AS-PS	8/10	1-27 d	10/10	1-21	Eight patients positive stool RNA after negative respiratory
15	Fan et al[68]	China	1	3 mo	AS-PS	1/1	1-28 d	1/1	1-14	Positive stool RNA 14 d after negative respiratory

SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; AS: Anal swabs; PS: Pharyngeal swabs; FS: Fecal sample; RS: Respiratory samples; PSDI: Positive stool duration interval; PRDI: Positive respiratory duration interval; ND: Not described; IgM: Immunoglobulin M.