Surgical therapy for hemangioma of the azygos vein arch under thoracoscopy: A case report

Figure 3 Intraoperative management. A: The azygos vein arch was enlarged and showed dark purple cystic changes. The tumor was slightly adherent to the surrounding tissues. The azygos vein was ligated at the connection of the superior vena cava with silk thread; B: The distal vessel was ligated; C: A complete resection of the azygos vein aneurysm was performed; D: Shown is the intraoperative wound of the right posterior mediastinum.