Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. Jan 6, 2021; 9(1): 8-23
Published online Jan 6, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i1.8
Table 1 Classification of clinical types of coronavirus disease-2019 patients
Clinical types
Symptoms/clinical markers
AsymptomaticIndividuals who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 by COVID-19 nucleic acid test. Without any clinical symptoms and signs, and chest imaging is normal.
MildPresence of various signs and symptoms of COVID-19 (e.g., fever, fatigue, myalgia, cough, headache, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing), or digestive symptoms (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea) without shortness of breath or abnormal chest imaging.
ModeratePresence of pneumonia (frequent fever, cough) with no obvious hypoxemia (SpO2 ≥ 94% on room air at sea level); chest CT with lesions.
SeverePatients with respiratory frequency > 30 breaths/minute; pneumonia with hypoxemia (SpO2 < 94%)on room air at sea level; a ratio of the arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) < 300 mmHg or lung infiltrates > 50%.
CriticalAcute respiratory distress syndrome may have shock, encephalopathy, myocardial injury, heart failure, coagulation dysfunction, acute kidney injury, and/or multiple organ dysfunctions.