Hydatidiform mole in a scar on the uterus: A case report

Table 1 Summary of reported cases of molar pregnancy in prior cesarean scar

Ref.	Age (yr)	Presentation	Gravida/para	HCG (IU/L)	Diagnostic method	Treatment
Wu et al[4], 2006	31	Persistent symptoms	8/1	61798 (β-HCG)	Ultrasound, pathology	Dilation and curettage
Michener et al[9], 2009	33	Vaginal hemorrhage	5/3	161 (β-HCG)	Emergency hysterectomy	Intragestational sac MTX injection
Jin et al[7], 2011	44	Vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain	4/2	94724 (β-HCG)	Transvaginal sonography, pathology	Suction curettage
Ko et al[2], 2012	34	Persistent symptoms of pregnancy	4/2	21925 (HCG)	Ultrasound, pathology	Suction evacuation, uterine arterial embolization
Kaluarachchi et al[8], 2013	40	Asymptomatic	4/2	6743 (β-HCG)	Laparotomy	Hysterectomy
Vimercati et al[3], 2016	34	Abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding	4/1	51547 (β-HCG)	Ultrasound, pathology	Local and systemic MTX, resection of the uterine
Ling et al[5], 2018	28	Abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea	3/1	7984 (HCG)	Ultrasound, MRI, pathology	Uterine arterial embolization, suction evacuation
Present case	35	Vaginal bleeding, menopause	4/1	1515540 (β-HCG)	Ultrasound, MRI, pathology	Suction evacuation, uterine arterial embolization, chemotherapy

HCG: Human chorionic gonadotropin; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; MTX: Methotrexate.