Early renal injury indicators can help evaluate renal injury in patients with chronic hepatitis B with long-term nucleos(t)ide therapy

Table 3 Examination results of patients with or without early renal injury

Early renal injury groups	Normal group (n = 38)	Abnormal group (n = 31)
Age in yr	55.8 ± 15.0	55.0 ± 11.9
Sex as M/F	25/13	23/8
Antiviral treatment time in mo	99.3 ± 37.7	104.1 ± 39.4
GGT as IU/L	21.7 ± 11.3	37.2 ± 16.21
DBIL as µmol/L	2.5 ± 1.5	3.5 ± 1.42
Creatinine as µmol/L	81.0 ± 14.0	87.9 ± 14.53
BUN as mmol/L	5.0 ± 1.2	5.4 ± 1.6
Cases of increased serum BUN	2 (5.3%)	3 (9.1%)
eGFR as mL/(min·1.73 m2)	86.5 ± 15.3	80.7 ± 15.5
eGFR ≥ 90, n = 22	14 (36.8%)	8 (25.8%)
eGFR: 70-89, n = 42	18 (47.4%)	13 (41.8%)
eGFR: 60-69, n = 42	4 (10.5%)	7 (22.6%)
eGFR: 30-59, n = 5	2 (5.3%)	3 (9.7%)
UA as µmol/L	314.2 ± 76.2	338.8 ± 88.4
Serum calcium as mmol/L	2.36 ± 0.10	2.35 ± 0.12
Serum phosphorus as mmol/L	0.99 ± 0.16	0.97 ± 0.17
Cases of decreased serum phosphorus	6 (15.8%)	7 (22.6%)
Magnesium as mmol/L	0.95 ± 0.07	0.97 ± 0.07
Urinary creatinine as mmol/L	6.9 (2.5-20.3)	12.4 (5.8-29.5)4
Urine microalbumin as mg/L	4.0 (2-12.8)	11.2 (2-123)5
NAG enzyme as U/L	4.1 (1-12)	10.4 (2-59)6
α1 microglobulin as mg/L	4.9 (4-17.4)	15.5 (4.68-158)7
Urinary immunoglobulin as mg/L	3 (3-4.1)	6.7 (3.14-29.3)8

Comparison between the two groups.

¹Indicates t = −2.508, P = 0.015.

²Indicates t = −2.208, P = 0.031.

³Indicates t = −2.023, P = 0.047.

⁴Indicates U = 306.5, P = 0.001.

⁵Indicates U = 184.5, P = 0.000.

⁶Indicates U = 202.0, P = 0.000.

⁷Indicates U = 91.0, P = 0.000.

⁸Indicates U = 42.5, P = 0.000. BUN: Serum urea nitrogen; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; F: Female; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; M: Male; NAG: N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase; UA: Uric acid.