Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of fifty-six cases of COVID-19 in Liaoning Province, China

Table 1 Clinical characteristics 56 patients of coronavirus disease 2019

Clinical characteristics, symptoms or signs		Disease severity			Composite endpoint
	All patients, n = 56	Non-severe, n = 45	Severe, n = 11	P value	Yes, n = 5	No, n = 51	P value
Age, median (range), yr	45.0 (21.0-80.0)	45.4 (21.0-80.0)	46.1 (26.0-70.0)	0.689	43.8 (26.0-70.0)	45.6 (21.0-80.0)	0.601
Age groups, n (%)
0-14 yr	0/56 (0.0)	0/45 (0.0)	0/11 (0.0)	0.780	0/5 (0.0)	0/51 (0.0)	0.280
15-49 yr	35/56 (21.0-49.0)	29/45 (21.0-49.0)	6/11 (26.0-45.0)	-	4/5 (26.0-45.0)	31/51 (21.0-49.0)	-
50-64 yr	15/56 (50.0-64.0)	11/45 (50.0-64.0)	4/11 (50.0-57.0)	-	0/5 (0.0)	15/51 (50.0-64.0)	-
≥ 65 yr	6/56 (66.0-80.0)	5/45 (66.0-80.0)	1/11 (70.0)	-	1/5 (70.0)	5/51 (66.0-80.0)	-
Female sex, n (%)	32/56 (57.1)	24/45 (53.3)	8/11 (72.7)	0.319	3/5 (60.0)	29/51 (56.9)	1.000
Smoking history, n (%)
Never smokers	45/56 (80.3)	38/45 (84.4)	7/11 (63.6)	0.170	4/5 (80.0)	41/51 (80.3)	0.450
Long-term smoking	6/56 (10.7)	4/45 (8.9)	2/11 (18.2)	-	0/5 (0.0)	6/51 (11.8)	-
Occasionally smoking	5/56 (8.9)	3/45 (6.7)	2/11 (18.2)	-	1/5 (20.0)	4/51 (7.8)	-
Exposure to source of transmission within 14 d, n (%)
Local residents of Wuhan	6/56 (10.7)	4/45 (8.9)	2/11 (18.2)	0.129	2/5 (40.0)	4/51 (7.8)	0.125
Wuhan short-term tourism history	17/56 (30.4)	12/45 (26.7)	5/11 (45.4)	0.280	1/5 (20.0)	16/51 (31.4)	1.000
NCP patient exposure history	27/56 (48.2)	24/45 (51.1)	3/11 (27.3)	0.181	1/5 (20.0)	26/51 (50.9)	0.353
Contacted NCP patients and confirmed diagnosis	5/56 (8.9)	4/45 (8.9)	1/11 (9.1)	1.000	1/5 (20.0)	4/51 (7.8)	0.385
No explicit exposure history	1/56 (1.8)	1/45 (2.2)	0/11 (0.0)	1.000	0/5 (0.0)	1/51 (1.9)	1.000
Symptoms or signs, n (%)
Fever	42/56 (75.0)	31/45 (68.9)	11/11 (100.0)	0.049	5/5 (100.0)	37/51 (72.5)	0.316
Temperature on admission, °C	37.4 (36.1-39.8)	37.3 (36.1-39.8)	38.3 (36.7-39.7)	-	38.3 (37.7-38.9)	37.0 (36.1-39.8)	-
< 37.5	22/56 (39.3)	21/45 (46.7)	1/11 (9.1)	0.000	0/5 (0.0)	29/51 (56.8)	0.007
37.5-38.0	22/56 (39.3)	21/45 (46.7)	1/11 (9.1)	-	1/5 (20.0)	13/51 (25.5)	-
38.1-39.0	10/56 (17.8)	2/45 (4.4)	8/11 (72.7)	-	4/5 (80.0)	8/51 (15.7)	-
> 39.0	2/56 (2.5)	1/45 (2.2)	1/11 (9.1)	-	0/5 (0.0)	1/51 (2.0)	-
Highest temperature during hospital admission	37.8 (36.4-39.8)	38.1 (36.4-39.8)	38.4 (37.7-39.8)	0.025	38.5 (37.7-39.8)	38.1 (36.4-39.8)	0.391
< 37.5	18/56 (32.1)	17/45 (37.8)	1/11 (9.1)	0.017	0/5 (0.0)	16/51 (31.4)	0.008
37.5-38.0	12/56 (21.4)	11/45 (24.4)	1/11 (9.1)	-	1/5 (20.0)	11/51 (21.5)	-
38.1-39.0	16/56 (28.6)	9/45 (20.0)	7/11 (63.6)	-	3/5 (60.0)	15/51 (29.4)	-
> 39.0	10/56 (17.8)	8/45 (17.8)	2/11 (18.2)	-	1/5 (20.0)	9/51 (17.6)	-
Fever duration, d	7.0 (0-17)	2.4 (0-17)	11.0 (7-13)	-	10.4 (7-13)	2.8 (0-17)	-
Cough	34/56 (60.7)	29/45 (64.4)	5/11 (45.4)	0.310	4/5 (80.0)	30/51 (58.8)	0.638
Sputum	12/56 (21.4)	6/45 (13.3)	6/11 (54.5)	0.008	4/5 (80.0)	8/51 (15.7)	0.006
Breath shortness	15/56 (26.7)	5/45 (11.1)	10/11 (90.9)	0.000	5/5 (100.0)	10/51 (19.6)	0.001
Sore throat	8/56 (14.2)	6/45 (13.3)	2/11 (18.2)	0.649	1/5 (20.0)	7/51 (13.7)	0.552
Headache	7/56 (12.5)	4/45 (8.9)	3/11 (27.3)	0.128	3/5 (60.0)	4/51 (7.8)	0.011
Myalgia	6/56 (10.7)	3/45 (6.7)	3/11 (27.3)	0.083	3/5 (60.0)	3/51 (5.9)	0.007
Chest pain	4/56 (7.1)	2/45 (4.4)	2/11 (18.2)	0.169	2/5 (40.0)	2/51 (3.9)	0.036
Fatigue	10/56 (17.8)	7/45 (15.5)	3/11 (27.3)	0.393	2/5 (40.0)	8/51 (15.7)	0.214
Diarrhea	3/56 (5.3)	2/45 (4.4)	1/11 (9.1)	0.488	1/5 (20.0)	2/51 (3.9)	0.249
Nausea or vomiting	3/56 (5.3)	2/45 (4.4)	1/11 (9.1)	0.488	1/5 (20.0)	2/51 (3.9)	0.249
Throat congestion	42/56 (75.0)	31/45 (68.9)	11/11 (100.0)	0.049	5/5 (100.0)	37/51 (72.5)	0.316
Thick lung sounds	38/56 (67.8)	27/45 (60.0)	11/11 (100.0)	0.011	5/5 (100.0)	33/51 (64.7)	0.164
Wet and dry rales in the lungs	9/56 (16.1)	5/45 (11.1)	4/11 (36.4)	0.063	5/5 (100.0)	4/51 (7.8)	0.000
Coexisting disorders, n (%)
Any	26/56 (46.4)	18/45 (40.0)	8/11 (72.2)	0.009	5/5 (100)	11/51 (21.5)	0.001
Respiratory diseases	2/56 (3.6)	0/45 (0.0)	2/11 (18.2)	0.036	1/5 (20.0)	1/51 (2.0)	0.172
Diabetes	7/56 (12.5)	6/45 (13.3)	1/11 (9.1)	1.000	0/5 (0.0)	7/51 (13.7)	1.000
Thyroid disease (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism)	3/56 (5.3)	2/45 (4.4)	1/11 (9.1)	0.488	1/5 (20.0)	2/51 (3.9)	0.249
Hypertension	9/56 (16.1)	9/45 (20.0)	0/11 (0.0)	0.180	0/5 (0.0)	9/51 (17.6)	0.580
Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular diseases	4/56 (7.1)	3/45 (6.7)	1/11 (9.1)	1.000	1/5 (20.0)	3/51 (5.9)	0.320
Chronic liver diseases1	10/56 (17.8)	9/45 (20.0)	1/11 (9.1)	0.667	1/5 (20.0)	9/51 (17.6)	1.000
Nervous system disease	3/56 (5.3)	2/45 (4.4)	1/11 (9.1)	0.488	1/5 (20.0)	2/51 (3.9)	0.249
Anal fistula	1/56 (1.8)	0/45 (0.0)	1/11 (9.1)	0.196	0/5 (0.0)	1/51 (2.0)	1.000

¹Chronic liver diseases include hepatitis B virus infection (4 cases), alcoholic liver disease (5 cases), fatty liver (1 case). Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges, IQR) and n. P values denoted the comparison between non-severe cases and severe cases. NCP: Novel coronavirus pneumonia.