Photodynamic therapy as salvage therapy for residual microscopic cancer after ultra-low anterior resection: A case report

Figure 2 Pathological changes in the patient with positive microscopic distal margins after photodynamic therapy. A and B: Postoperative histopathologic examination revealed that the tumour was a moderately differentiated rectal adenocarcinoma and a partial mucinous adenocarcinoma; the TNM stage was T2N0M0, with no cancer in the incision margin and no metastasis (0/4) to the lymph nodes. Unfortunately, cancer was detected on the lateral edge of the operated area; C and D: Five years after the operation, microscopic examination of a biopsy at the rectal anastomosis showed the formation of inflammatory necrotic lesions and the formation of ulcerative lesions in the inflammatory granulation tissue. No malignancy was found in multiple sections.