Irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation management with integrative medicine: A systematic review

Table 4 Patterns listed in three traditional Chinese medicine clinical practice guidelines and two integrative medicine clinical practice guidelines for irritable bowel syndrome

Title	IBS-D						IBS-C					IBS-M
	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of common internal diseases in Chinese medicine: diseases of modern medicine: irritable bowel disease
	*	*	*				*	*				*
Diagnosis and treatment consensus on irritable bowel syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine
	*	*	*	*			*		*
Consensus on irritable bowel syndrome by integrative medicine
	*				*		*		*			*
Diagnosis and treatment consensus on irritable bowel syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine (2017)
	*	*	*	*		*	*	*	*	*	*
Diagnosis and treatment consensus on irritable bowel syndrome with integrative medicine (2017)
	*		*	*	*		*		*			*

A: Pattern of liver depression and spleen deficiency: diarrhea right after abdominal pain onset, pain relieving after diarrhea, symptoms onset related to emotions, impatience and irritability, frequent sighing, distention and fullness in chest and hypochondrium, pale red tongue, thin and white fur, string-like pulse or string-like and fine pulse; B: Pattern of spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance: abdominal pain or discomfort, sloppy stool or diarrhea, onset or exacerbation after overworking and/or cold attacking, pale and enlarged tongue or with teeth-marked, white and slimy fur, weak pulse; C: Pattern of spleen-kidney yang deficiency: diarrhea right after abdominal pain onset when getting-up, cold pain in abdomen, pain relieving after warming, cold body and limbs, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, pale and enlarged tongue, white and slimy fur, sunken and fine pulse; D: Pattern of spleen-stomach dampness-heat: diarrhea combined with abdominal pain, urgent or ungratifying diarrhea, burning pain in anus, bitter taste in the mouth, red tongue, yellow and slimy fur, slippery and rapid pulse; E: Pattern of spleen-stomach weakness: diarrhea after diet, sloppy stool or diarrhea with mucus, torpid intake, abdominal distention after diet, gastric stuffiness, pale and enlarged tongue with teeth-marked, white fur, fine and weak pulse; F: Pattern of cold-heat complex: loose stool or diarrhea at times, abdominal pain before defecation and alleviation after defecation, abdominal distension or borborygmus, bitter taste or bad breath, intolerance of cold, easily attack after cold, pale tongue, thin yellow fur, string-like and thin pulse or string-like and slippery pulse; G: Pattern of liver depression and qi stagnation: constipation, hard bound stool, difficult evacuation, abdominal pain and distention, exacerbation when emotional disorder, distention and fullness in chest and hypochondrium, frequent sighing, red tongue, thin, white or yellow, and slimy fur, string-like pulse; H: Pattern of deficiency of blood and yin: abdominal pain and discomfort, dry stool like globule, difficult evacuation, dizziness and palpitation, insomnia with dreaminess, pale complexion, lips and nails, pale red or red tongue, thin and white fur, fine and weak pulse; I: Pattern of dryness-heat of intestines: dry stool like globule with mucus outside, difficult evacuation, lump in the lower abdomen, distending pain when pressing, red tongue, yellow and dry fur, fine and rapid pulse; J: Pattern of spleen-kidney yang deficiency: dry or less dry stool, difficult defecation, cold pain in abdomen and alleviation after warm, clear and abundant urine, lack of warm in limbs, bright pale complexion, pale tongue, white fur, sunken and slow pulse; K: Pattern of lung-spleen qi deficiency: less dry and hard stool, difficult defecation but with desire, abdominal pain before defecation, tiredness and short of breath, laziness of speech, lack of strength after defecation, pale tongue, white fur, weak pulse; L: Pattern of cold-heat complex: alternative diarrhea and constipation, abdominal pain and discomfort, stuffiness and fullness in abdomen, bitter taste in the mouth, dark red tongue, thin yellow fur or white slimy fur, string-like and fine pulse or string-like and slippery pulse. IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome.