Multiplex gene expression profile in inflamed mucosa of patients with Crohn’s disease ileal localization: A pilot study

Table 2 Panel of the 24 genes investigated

Symbol	Complete name	Group	Accession number	mim	Gene product function (s)	Ref.
HPRT1	Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Low expression housekeeping gene	M26434	308000	It plays a central role in the generation of purine nucleotides, chosen as a low expression housekeeping gene	[39]
ACTB	Actin betaprovided	High expression housekeeping gene	M28424	102630	Is involved in the cell motility, structure, and integrity	[40]
SLC40A1	Solute carrier family 40 (iron-regulated transporter), member1	1	AF215636	604653	Exports iron from duodenal epithelial cells	[41]
ABCB1	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member1	1	M14758	171050	Transports various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. It belongs to a protein sub-family involved in multidrug resistance	[42]
SLC22A5	Solute carrier family 22 (organic cation/carnitine transporter), member 5	1	AF057164	603377	Transports several small organic cations in the liver, kidney, intestine. It is involved in elimination of drugs and environmental toxins	[43]
SLC22A4	Solute carrier family 22 (organic cation/ergothioneine transporter), member 4	1	AB007448	604190	Polyspecific transporter of organic cations in the liver, kidney, intestine, and involved in the elimination of these molecules.	[44]
CCR6	Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor6	2	U68030	601835	Induces B-lineage maturation and antigen-driven B-cell differentiation	[45]
IL17A	Interleukin 17A	2	U32659	603149	Produced by Th17-type CD4+ cells. Regulates the activities of NF-kB and mitogen-activated protein kinases	[26]
IL17F	Interleukin 17F	2	AF384857	606496	Produced by Th17-type CD4+ cells. Stimulates the production of other cytokines, including IL6,IL8.It also inhibits angiogenesis by endothelial	[46]
					cells.
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (acute-phase response factor)	2-4	BC014482	102582	Activates transcription of cell growth and apoptosis’ genes asresponses to inflammation	[22,47]
MICA	MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A	2	L14848	600169	Acts as a stress-induced antigen broadly recognized by intestinal intra-epithelial gamma delta T cells.	[48,49]
MYD88	Myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88)	2	U84408	602170	Acts as an essential signal transducer in the interleukin-1 and Toll-like receptor signaling	[50]
					pathways
IL23R	Interleukin 23 receptor	2	AF461422	607562	Expressed on Th17 cells. Involvedin the IL23A signaling pathways with the receptor molecule IL12RB1/IL12Rbeta1.	[20]
JAK2	Janus kinase 2	2	3717	147796	Is involved in cytokine receptor signaling pathways and is required for responses to gamma interferon	[51]
IFNG	Interferon, gamma	2	3458	147570	It encodes a cytokine with antiviral,immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties and activates macrophages	[52]
CAMP	Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	3	BC055089	600474	It is an antimicrobial protein (defensin)	[53]
CARD15	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2	2	AF178930	605956	Induces immune response to intracellular bacterial by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide (MDP)	[54]
DEFB4	Defensin, beta 4A	3	AJ314835	602215	Acts as an antibiotic peptide locally regulated by inflammation.	[55,56]
HAMP	Hepcidin antimicrobialpeptide	1/2/3	AF309489	606464	It is involved in iron transport, antimicrobial, defence and inflammatory responses	[57,58]
LRRK2	Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	3/4	AK026776	609007	It is involved in autophagy and implicated in clearance of intracellular bacteria.	[59,60]
TNFSF15	Tumor necrosis facto (ligand) superfamily, member 15	4	AF039390	604052	Induces apoptosis in endothelial cells	[61]
CARD14	Caspase recruitment domain family, member 14	4	AF322642	607211	Regulates the molecular scaffolding process and activates NF-kappa B	[62,63]
ATG16L1	ATG16 autophagy related 16-like 1	4	AK000897	610767	Induces autophagy processes involved in degradation of cell organelles	[64]
ESR1	Estrogen receptor 1	4	X03635	133430	Involved in the metabolic pathway of the hormones and in several diseases including osteoporosis	[65]
BMP2	Bone morphogenetic protein 2	4	650	112261	Induces bone and cartilage formation	[66]
DLG5	Discs, large homolog 5	4	U61843	604090	It encodes for scaffolding molecules involved in cell-cell contact and in the maintenance of epithelial cell integrity. Its products are also involved in the transmission of extracellular signals	[67]

MIM: Mendelian Inheritance in Man. 1: Transport across epithelia; 2: Immune response; 3: Antimicrobial activity; 4: Different physiological activities.