Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Clin Cases. Sep 6, 2019; 7(17): 2438-2449
Published online Sep 6, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i17.2438
Table 1 Comparison of clinical manifestations between spontaneous fungal peritonitis (case) and spontaneous bacteria peritonitis with a positive (control-1) or negative bacterial culture (control-2)
VariableCase (n = 22)Control-1 (n = 44)P-valueControl-2 (n = 72)P-value
Demographics data
Age (yr), M ± SD60.0 ± 11.658.0 ± 12.50.5556.9 ± 10.50.32
Sex (% male)17 (77.3%)37 (82.2%)0.5155 (74.3%)1
Current smoking n (%)7 (31.8%)20 (45.5%)0.4332 (44.4%)0.33
Alcohol abuse n (%)7 (31.8%)16 (36.4%)0.7930 (41.3%)0.46
Aetiology of cirrhosis
Viral n (%)14 (63.6%)27 (61.4%)44 (61.1%)
Alcohol n (%)2 (9.1%)8 (18.2%)0.6618 (25.0%)0.334
Others n (%)6 (27.3%)9 (20.5%)13 (18.1%)
Complication
Variceal bleeding n (%)8 (36.4%)6 (13.6%)0.0518 (25.0%)0.41
Hepatorenal syndrome n (%)8 (36.4%)10 (22.7%)0.269 (12.5%)0.023
HE n (%)8 (36.4%)12 (27.3%)0.5714 (19.4%)0.15
Charlson index (IQR)4 (3.7-5.0)4 (3.0-5.0)0.463 (3-5)0.007
Laboratory examination
WBC, 109 cells/L (IQR)11.7 (8.2-19.1)5.6 (2.9-11.2)0.0016.2 (4.0-9.5)<0.001
C-reactive protein, mg/L (IQR)77.4 (55.9-138.2)31.4 (14.7-50.6)<0.00122.7 (8.9-42.1)<0.001
Creatinine, μmol/L (IQR)98.0 (69.5-147.8)86.0 (60.5-165.0)0.7581 (67.0-105.0)0.228
Albumin, g/dL (M ± SD)28.1 ± 4.126.6±7.50.4129.8 ± 4.90.09
Total bilirubin, μmol/L(IQR)103.5 (27.5-271.5)85 (34.2-196.5)0.9659.5 (30.0-129.0)0.51
INR (IQR)1.40 (1.2-2.0)1.6 (1.3-2.1)0.371.5 (1.3-1.7)0.56
Ascites PMN (IQR)2550 (338-4700)1800 (650-4500)0.56550 (302-1375)0.004
Ascites albumin g/dL (M ± SD)18.0±8.211.4 ± 7.30.00213.1 ± 9.50.009
Clinical presentation
Abdominal pain7 (31.8%)17 (38.6%)0.7917 (23.6%)0.578
Fever (T ≥ 38°C)12 (54.5%)22 (50.0%)0.7919 (26.4%)0.02
Antibiotic treatment before peritonitis (d)15.4 (3.8-24.8)2 (0.3-10.0)0.0012 (0-8.0)<0.001
PPI administration8 (36.4%)27 (61.4%)0.0743(59.7%)0.086
Nosocomial infection13 (59.1%)30 (68.2%)0.5944 (61.1%)1
ICU admission1 (4.5%)2 (4.5%)11 (1.4%)0.42
Septic shock n (%)7 (31.8%)8 (18.2%)0.233 (4.2%)0.001
SIRS n (%)14 (63.6%)20 (45.5%)0.214 (19.4%)<0.001
Concomitant bacterial infection12 (54.5%)13 (29.5%)0.123 (4.2%)<0.001
Blood infection6 (27.2%)9 (20.5%)11 (1.4%)<0.001
Pneumonia3 (13.6%)3 (6.8%)0.392 (2.8%)0.048
Bacterial peritonitis9 (40.9%)----
Other sites1 (4.5%)1 (2.3%)-1 (1.4%)-
Severity score
SOFA (M ± SD)7.1 ± 3.87.6 ± 4.70.655.2 ± 2.60.035
CLIF-SOFA7.1 ± 3.48.1 ± 4.40.335.6 ± 3.00.048
APACHE II7.6 ± 6.16.7 ± 5.40.583.0 ± 3.1<0.001
MELD (IQR)15.9 (7.5-25.2)18.3 (9.3-25.9)0.7614.6 (9.7-20.3)0.57
MELD-Na (IQR)23.0 (10.4-35.1)20.4 (9.7-31.1)0.8815.5 (10.1-25.0)0.17
CTP (IQR)11.0 (8-12.3)11.5 (10.0-12.0)0.3910 (9.0-12.0)0.48
15-d mortality10 (45.1%)9 (20.4%)0.0465 (6.9%)<0.001