Correlation of serum albumin and prognostic nutritional index with outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of the factors associated with grade III-V complications

Data			Univariate		Multivariate
			OR (95%CI)	P	OR (95%CI)	P
Age (yr)			1.003 (0.97-1.03)	0.787
Gender
	Male		1
	Female		1.306 (0.73-2.32)	0.364
BMI (kg/m2)			1.055 (0.98-1.13)	0.135
Diabetes mellitus
	No		1
	Yes		0.615 (0.31-1.22)	0.168
ASA class
	I		1
	II		0.250 (0.04-1.35)	0.108
	III		0.391 (0.07-2.02)	0.264
	IV		0.667 (0.08-5.12)	0.697
	V		2.00 (0.11-35.80)	0.638
Smoking
	No		1
	Yes		0.598 (0.31-1.15)	0.127
Previous biliary intervention
	No		1
	Yes		0.847 (0.46-1.53)	0.588
Total bilirubin (mg/d/L)			0.994 (0.93-1.05)	0.850
Albumin (g/L)			0.943 (0.89-0.99)	< 0.05	0.883 (0.80-0.96)	< 0.01
Preoperative diagnosis
	Benign		1
	Malignant		1.384 (0.67-2.83)	0.374
Pancreatic
	Pancreatic		1
	Nonpancreatic		0.890 (0.49-1.59)	0.696
Operating time			1.002 (0.99-1.01)	0.154
Blood loss (mL)			1.254 (1.02-1.54)	0.030
Pancreatic texture
		Hard/firm	1
		Soft	1.559 (0.85-2.83)	0.144
Pancreatic diameter (mm)			0.994 (0.88-1.12)	0.921
PNI (POD 3)			0.981 (0.96-0.99)	< 0.05
		≥ 40.5	1		1
		< 40.5	2.619 (1.17-5.83)	< 0.05	2.776 (1.21-6.38)	< 0.05

BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; POD: Postoperative day.