Successful rescue of acute liver failure and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following varicella infection: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis according to the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-2004 guideline

Presence of 5 or more of the following:	The condition in our patient
Fever ≥ 38.5°C	Yes
Splenomegaly	Yes
Cytopenias affecting at least 2 of 3 of the peripheral blood lineages	Yes
Hemoglobin < 90 g/L	Yes
Platelets < 100 ×109/L	Yes
Neutrophils < 1.0 ×109/L	No
Hypertriglyceridemia (fasting, ≥ 265 mg/dL) and/or hypofibrinogenemia (≤ 150 mg/dL)	Yes
Hemophagocytosis in bone marrow, liver, spleen, or lymph nodes	Not found
Low or absent NK cell activity	NA
Ferritin ≥ 500 ng/mL	Yes
sIL-2R ≥ 2400 U/mL	NA

HLH: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; NK: Natural killer; sIL-2R: Soluble interleukin-2 receptor; NA: Not available, these analyses were not performed because the patient could not afford the expensive cost. Adapted from Henter et al[1].