Ocular health in outer space and beyond gravity: A minireview

Table 2 Imaging modalities and structural ocular changes in spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome

Imaging modality	Structural changes	Ref.	Clinical significance
OCT	RNFL thickening, ODE	Macias et al[2]; Mader et al[16]	Early detection
MRI	Posterior globe flattening	Kramer et al[18]	Confirms ICP effects
Fundus photography	Choroidal folds	Mader et al[16]	Structural deformation
Ultrasound	ON sheath diameter increase	Fall et al[23]	Surrogate ICP marker

OCT: Optical coherence tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; ODE: Optic disc edema; ON: Optic nerve; ICP: Intracranial pressure.