Refractory rosuvastatin-associated necrotizing autoimmune myopathy: A case report and review of literature

Table 2 Comparison of previously reported cases of statin-associated necrotizing autoimmune myopathy

Ref.	Age/sex	Statin used	Diagnostic criteria	Therapy used	Outcome
Grable-Esposito et al[3]	74/female	Atorvastatin	Elevated CK, muscle biopsy	Prednisone, methotrexate, mycophenolate, IVIG	Improved
Fink et al[20]	65/female	Rosuvastatin	Elevated CK, MRI, anti-HMGCR antibodies	Prednisone, IVIG	Improved weakness and CK levels; required SNF
Gupta et al[24]	61/female	Pravastatin	Elevated CK, anti-HMGCR antibodies, MRI, muscle biopsy	Prednisone, azathioprine, rituximab	Improved
Srinivasan et al[25]	64/male	Atorvastatin, rosuvastatin	Elevated CK, EMG, muscle biopsy, anti-HMGCR antibodies	Prednisone, IVIG	Improved
Luong et al[27]	55/male	Rosuvastatin	Elevated CK, anti-HMGCR antibodies, MRI, muscle biopsy	Prednisone, mycophenolate, IVIG	Improved
Yamamura et al[28]	59/female	Rosuvastatin	Anti-HMGCR antibodies, elevated CK, MRI, muscle biopsy	Methylprednisolone pulse therapy, prednisolone	Improved
Chitralli et al[29]	63/male	Atorvastatin, rosuvastatin	Elevated CK, EMG	Hemodialysis	Improved
Petreski et al[30]	59/female	Rosuvastatin	EMG, muscle biopsy	Hemodialysis	Improved
Merlant et al[32]	61/female	Rosuvastatin	Elevated CK, muscle biopsy, anti-HMGCR antibodies	Immunosuppressive therapy	Improved
Mirlesse et al[35]	77/male	Atorvastatin	Elevated CK, MRI, anti-HMGCR antibodies	Methylprednisolone, IVIG	Died
Abusharar et al[36]	73/male	Simvastatin	Elevated CK, muscle biopsy, anti-HMGCR antibodies	Prednisone, methylprednisolone, IVIG, methotrexate, azathioprine	Died

HMGCR: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme A reductase; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; CK: Creatine kinase; HMG-CoA: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A; EMG: Electromyography; IVIG: Intravenous immunoglobulin; SNF: Skilled nursing facility; AKI: Acute kidney injury.