Beyond survival: Pain as the main determinant of long-term quality of life after thoracic trauma surgery

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v14.i13.119644

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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2307-8960

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Cases. May 6, 2026; 14(13): 119644
Published online May 6, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i13.119644

Table 4 Multivariable analysis of predictors of pain score (Numerical Rating Scale)

Variable	β coefficient	SE	95%CI	P value
Age (per year)	-0.012	0.023	-0.058 to 0.034	0.590
Sex (male vs female)	-0.291	0.605	-1.517 to 0.935	0.640
Number of comorbidities	-0.810	0.380	-1.584 to -0.036	0.041
EQ-5D-3 L score	-2.189	0.865	-3.919 to -0.459	0.013

EQ-5D-3 L: EuroQol 5-Dimension 3-Level Questionnaire.

Full Size Table

Citation: Raveglia F, Degiovanni S, Bertolaccini L, Cara A, Cassina EM, Danuzzo F, Libretti L, Pirondini E, Sibilia MC, Spinelli F, Tuoro A, De Simone M, Chiarelli M, Cioffi U, Petrella F. Beyond survival: Pain as the main determinant of long-term quality of life after thoracic trauma surgery. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(13): 119644
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v14/i13/119644.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v14.i13.119644

Raveglia F, Degiovanni S, Bertolaccini L, Cara A, Cassina EM, Danuzzo F, Libretti L, Pirondini E, Sibilia MC, Spinelli F, Tuoro A, De Simone M, Chiarelli M, Cioffi U, Petrella F. Beyond survival: Pain as the main determinant of long-term quality of life after thoracic trauma surgery. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(13): 119644 [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i13.119644]

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