Mediastinal lymphadenopathy: Causes, symptoms and factors predicting good yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v13.i22.105596

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Aug 6, 2025 (publication date) through May 14, 2025

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Clin Cases. Aug 6, 2025; 13(22): 105596
Published online Aug 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i22.105596

Table 5 Histologic findings found on mediastinal lymph node biopsies

Diagnosis	Histological features
Tuberculosis	Granulomas with caseating necrosis; Epithelioid granulomas
Sarcoidosis	Granulomas without caseating necrosis
Anthracosis	CLM
	Occasional CLMs: Minimal to mild anthracosis
	Significant CLMs: Moderate anthracosis
	Abundant CLMs: Severe anthracosis
Metastatic disease	Abnormal cells with large nuclei, nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm
	Immunohistochemical markers used
	CK AE1/3: Esophageal cancer
	GATA-3, Mammaglobin: Breast cancer
	TTF-1: Lung adenocarcinoma
	Hep par, Alfafetoprotein: Hepatocellular cancer
	PAX-8: Renal cell carcinoma
	CK7, CK19: Pancreatobiliary cancer
	CD31, CD34: Kaposi’s sarcoma
	CD15, CD20, CD30: Hodgkin’s lymphoma

CLM: Carbon (anthracotic pigment) laden macrophages.

Citation: Tasneem AA, Luck NH, Mubarak M. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy: Causes, symptoms and factors predicting good yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(22): 105596
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v13/i22/105596.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v13.i22.105596