Gradient inflammation in the pancreatic stump after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Two case reports and review of literature

Figure 3 Gradient inflammation and digestive reflux in pancreatic stump after pancreaticoduodenectomy. A: Schematic representation of digestive reflux in pancreaticojejunostomy. The digestive fluid passes through the anastomosis and reaches deep into the pancreatic ductal system, accompanied by the high-level biochemical activity of the pancreas and mechanical injury, resulting in a gradient of inflammation in the stump; B: Inflammatory index in the pancreatic stump ranges from nine to one. The pancreatic heads are used as controls and labeled as PLP0 and PZP0.