High risk for obstructive sleep apnea and risk of hypertension in military personnel: The CHIEF sleep study

Table 1 Characteristics of Participants Reporting Berlin Questionnaire

	Low risk for OSA (n = 686)	High risk for OSA (n = 60)	P value
Age, yr	27.67 ± 5.74	30.45 ± 5.86	< 0.001
Male sex, %	601 (87.6)	55 (91.7)	0.35
Tobacco consumption, %	286 (41.7)	32 (53.3)	0.08
Alcohol intake, %	242 (38.0)	27 (45.0)	0.16
Night sentry duty%
0/mo	373 (54.4)	28 (46.7)	0.26
1/mo	87 (12.7)	6 (10.0)
≥ 2/mo	226 (32.9)	26 (43.3)
Time for a 3000-m run, s	900.44 ± 117.15	949.19 ± 255.01	0.008
Body mass index, kg/m2	24.11 ± 3.65	27.75 ± 4.27	< 0.001
Waist circumference, cm	81.20 ± 9.63	92.04 ± 13.79	< 0.001
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	116.32 ± 12.17	120.41 ± 16.28	0.01
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	68.79 ± 9.01	72.77 ± 12.41	0.002
Hypertension (JNC 7)	29 (4.2)	10 (16.7)	< 0.001
ISH	16 (2.3)	4 (6.7)	< 0.001
IDH	11 (1.6)	3 (5.0)
CH	2 (0.3)	3 (5.0)
Hypertension (2017 ACC/AHA)	147 (21.4)	17 (28.3)	0.21
ISH	63 (9.2)	5 (8.3)	0.02
IDH	40 (5.8)	2 (3.3)
CH	44 (6.4)	10 (16.7)
Blood test
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	170.51 ± 31.56	178.15 ± 31.02	0.07
Low-density lipoprotein, mg/dL	103.97 ± 28.64	109.93 ± 26.58	0.12
High-density lipoprotein, mg/dL	50.91 ± 10.80	46.93 ± 9.90	0.006
Serum triglycerides, mg/dL	98.65 ± 71.06	143.65 ± 122.28	< 0.001
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	94.90 ± 10.00	94.75 ± 10.12	0.91
Serum uric acid, mg/dL	6.42 ± 1.42	6.95 ± 1.41	0.006

ACC: American College of Cardiology; AHA: American Heart Association; CH: combined hypertension; IDH: Isolated diastolic hypertension; ISH: Isolated systolic hypertension; JNC: Joint National Committee hypertension guideline; OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea.