Self-management of osteoarthritis while waiting for total knee arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic among older Malaysians

Table 1 Participants’ characteristic (n = 50)

Characteristics	n (%)
Age, yr, mean ± SD	68.7 ± 6.97
Gender
Male	10 (20)
Female	40 (80)
Ethnicity
Malay	33 (66)
Chinese	11 (22)
Indian	5 (10)
Others	1 (2)
Marital status
Single	1 (2)
Married	43 (86)
Divorce	6 (12)
Living arrangement
Alone	2 (4)
With husband/wife	47 (94)
Others	1 (2)
Education level
Unschooled	3 (6)
Primary school	10 (20)
Secondary school	22 (44)
College/university	15 (30)
Occupation
Unemployed	3 (6)
Retired	43 (86)
Retired but still working	2 (4)
Working	2 (4)
Comorbidities
Diabetes	20 (40)
Hypertension	35 (70)
Heart disease	6 (12)
High cholesterol	22 (44)
Parkinsonism	1 (2)
Stroke	1 (2)
Visual problem	1 (2)
Asthma	3 (6)
Thyroid	3 (6)
Rheumatoid arthritis	4 (8)
Spine problem	3 (6)
Gastritis	1 (2)
Vertigo	2 (4)
Skin problem	1 (2)
Cancer	1 (2)
Duration of OA
Less than 1 yr	21 (42)
Between 1-2 yr	21 (42)
More than 3 yr	8 (16)

OA: Osteoarthritis.