Comparing the efficacy of regen-cov, remdesivir, and favipiravir in reducing invasive mechanical ventilation need in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Table 2 The Significance of differences in baseline characteristics between the three groups

Variables	Intervention
	Casirivimab/Imdevimab (A)	Remdesivir (B)	Favipiravir (C)	P valuea
Age	58.34 ± 16.096	59.30 ± 15.985	65.02 ± 14.261	0.006
B and C				0.07
A and C				0.07
A and B				0.63
Gender				0.03
Male	24/53	42/106	61/106
Female	29/53	64/106	45/106
B and C				0.09
A and C				0.145
A and B				0.501
Number of co-morbidities				0.022
0	10/53	32/106	22/106
1	16/53	27/106	19/106
2	14/53	28/106	33/106
3	11/53	16/106	18/106
4	2/53	2/106	10/106
5	0/53	1/106	3/106
6	0/53	0/106	1/106
B and C				0.06
A and C				0.32
A and B				0.207
Method of diagnosis				1
Symptoms only	0/53	0/106	0/106
Labs and radiology	0/53	0/106	0/106
PCR confirmed	53/53	106/106	106/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Severity of COVID				0.024
Moderate	18/53	20/106	20/106
Sever	27/53	60/106	53/106
Critical	8/53	26/106	33/106
B and C				0.475
A and C				0.07
A and B				0.035
Number of symptoms				0.001
2	4/53	2/106	2/106
3	13/53	6/106	4/106
4	32/53	97/106	97/106
5	4/53	1/106	3/106
B and C				0.482
A and C				0
A and B				0.003
Antibiotics use				1
Yes	53/53	106/106	106/106
No	0/53	0/106	0/106
B and C				0.102
A and C				0.002
A and B				0.075
Macrolide use				0.007
Yes	8/53	8/106	2/106
No	45/53	98/106	104/106
B and C				0.102
A and C				0.002
A and B				0.075
Fluroquinolones use				0.106
Yes	41/53	92/106	95/106
No	12/53	14/106	11/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
3rd and 4th generation cephalosporin use				0.551
Yes	39/53	86/106	83/106
No	14/53	20/106	23/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Carbapenems use				0.168
Yes	10/53	32/106	22/106
No	43/53	74/106	84/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Piperacillin/tazobactam use				1
Yes	0/53	0/106	0/106
No	53/53	106/106	106/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Amoxicillin/clavulanate use				0.472
Yes	0/53	0/106	0/106
No	53/53	106/106	106/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Cotrimoxazole use				1
Yes	0/53	0/106	0/106
No	53/53	106/106	106/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Linezolid use				0.115
Yes	5/53	12/106	4/106
No	48/53	94/106	102/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Teicoplanin use				0.365
Yes	1/53	0/106	2/106
No	52/53	106/106	104/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Anticoagulant use				0.411
Yes	49/53	101/106	96/106
No	4/53	5/106	10/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Dose of anticoagulant				0.088
Prophylactic	39/53	80/106	81/106
Therapeutic	14/53	26/106	25/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Antiplatelet use				0.012
Yes	5/53	6/106	0
No	48/53	100/106	106/106
B and C				0.039
A and C				0.005
A and B				0.262
Steroids use				0.002
Yes	45/53	105/106	98/106
No	8/53	1/106	8/106
B and C				0.5
A and C				0.068
A and B				0.001
Additive-therapy use				0.104
Yes	51/53	106/106	105/106
No	2/53	0/106	1/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Paracetamol use				0.019
Yes	50/53	105/106	106/106
No	3/53	1/106	0/106
B and C				0.574
A and C				0.006
A and B				0.022
Zinc use				0.003
Yes	4/53	0/106	1/106
No	49/53	106/106	105/106
B and C				0.614
A and C				0.004
A and B				0.001
Acetyl cysteine use				0.135
Yes	52/53	106/106	106/106
No	1/53	0/106	0/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Lactoferrin use				0.135
Yes	1/53	0/106	0/106
No	52/53	106/106	106/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
Vitamin C use				0.07
Yes	4/53	7/106	1/106
No	49/53	99/106	105/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
O2 therapy use				0
Yes	37/53	99/106	102/106
No	16/53	7/106	4/106
B and C				0.497
A and C				0
A and B				0
NP use				0.84
Yes	18/53	35/106	39/106
No	35/53	71/106	67/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
SFM use				0.002
Yes	30/53	82/106	87/106
No	23/53	24/106	19/106
B and C				0.428
A and C				0
A and B				0.004
MR use				0.003
Yes	8/53	33/106	14/106
No	45/53	73/106	92/106
B and C				0.001
A and C				0.783
A and B				0.019
HFNC use				0.202
Yes	5/53	22/106	18/106
No	48/53	84/106	88/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
CPAP use				0
Yes	4/53	39/106	36/106
No	49/53	67/106	70/106
B and C				0.635
A and C				0.001
A and B				0
IMV use				0
Yes	1/53	29/106	29/106
No	52/53	77/106	77/106
B and C				1
A and C				0
A and B				0
Vasopressor use				0.002
Yes	0/53	23/106	18/106
No	53/53	83/106	88/106
B and C				1
A and C				0.016
A and B				0.001
Prone positioning				0.75
Yes	0/53	5/106	9/106
No	53/53	101/106	97/106
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
O2 saturation on O2 therapy	96.26 ± 2.391	95.86 ± 3.795	96.01 ± 3.130	0.942
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
O2 saturation on RA	92.36 ± 4.816	87.62 ± 7.171	88.35 ± 7.006	0
B and C				0.448
A and C				0
A and B				0
PaO2	77.868 ± 41.79	56.432 ± 35.30	63.294 ± 39.45	0.005
B and C				0.252
A and C				0.2
A and B				0.001
PaCO2	36.689 ± 12.59	37.325 ± 14.60	37.603 ± 12.08	0.891
B and C				NA
A and C				NA
A and B				NA
PaO2/FiO2	233.5057 ± 207	156.7358 ± 171	164.142 ± 138	0.01
B and C				0.136
A and C				0.69
A and B				0.002

^aP < 0.05 is considered a statistically significant difference between the compared groups. (1) Comparing between the three groups (A, B, C); (2) A pairwise comparison between every 2 groups (A-B, B-C, A-C), if there is a statistically significant difference between the three groups as presented by the comparing between the three groups (A, B, C). NA: Not available; NP: Nasal prongs; SPM: Simple face mask; MR: Mask reservoir; RA: Room air; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; HFNC: High-flow nasal cannula; COVID: Coronavirus disease; CPAP: Continuous airway positive pressure; IMV: Invasive mechanical ventilation.