Telenutrition for the management of inflammatory bowel disease: Benefits, limits, and future perspectives

Table 1 Summary of the most relevant telemedicine systems with nutritional support for inflammatory bowel disease patients

Ref.	Study/application	Country	Design	n	Benefits for nutritional aspects
Habashi et al[46], 2019	Promoting access and care through centers of excellence	Canada	Prospective comparative study	90 patients with IBD	Including IBD nutrition expert in the health care team. Providing frequent consultations, reducing wait times and cost savings
Ehrlich et al[47], 2012	GI buddy	Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation	Application	N/A	Allowing patients to record their symptoms, bowel movements, diet, physical activity, and medication adherence, notes, questions, or doubts for the next clinician interaction. Helping patients and healthcare team see how IBD may be affecting patients, improving IBD management and quality of life
Oshi Health[48], 2022	Oshi Health	United States	Application	N/A	Providing nutrition and dietary support, health coaching, IBD-friendly recipes, provides a space to message with professionals, symptom tracking
de Jong et al[49], 2017	myIBDcoach	Netherlands	Randomized controlled trial	909 patients with IBD (n = 465 telemedicine, n = 444 standard care)	Providing eLearning modules about medications, adherence, smoking cessation, nutrition, symptom management, fatigue, work productivity, anxiety, and depression. Showing plan and messaging care team, weekly or monthly assessment (monitor IBD at home questionnaire) according to disease severity
Gupta et al[50], 2022	IBD NutriCare	India	Prospective observational study	49 patients with IBD	Recording daily diet and other disease-related parameters to provide timely telenutrition counselling, comprehensive analysis report including nutrient intake, calorie distribution of patient’s daily intake, and weight records, giving answers, frequently asked questions about diet in IBD, sending notifications or message from the dietitians

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; N/A: Not applicable.