Coaxial radiography guided puncture technique for percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy: A randomized control trial

Figure 2 X-ray films of the coaxial radiography-guided puncture technique. A: For the coaxial radiography-guided puncture technique, the target should be identified first, which is usually the shoulder of the superior articular process; B: The needle was maintained coaxial to the X-ray beam and parallel to the X-ray axis. In this instance, the needle hub projected directly over the tip and aligned with the target, and the needle appeared as a dot instead of a line. SAP: Superior articular process.