Successful outcomes of unilateral vs bilateral pedicle screw fixation for lumbar interbody fusion: A meta-analysis with evidence grading

Table 1 Characteristics of included randomized controlled trial

Ref.	Number of patients (n)		Gender (M/F)		Age (yr, mean ± SD)		Follow-up (mo)		Type of operation	Surgical segments	Reference type
	UPS	BPS	UPS	BPS	UPS	BPS	UPS	BPS
Gu et al[13], 2015	35	39	17/18	21/18	64.5 ± 8.0	66.1 ± 7.1	32.1 ± 7.5	31.7 ± 8.0	MI-TLIF	2	Prospective cohort
Shen et al[14], 2014	31	34	17/14	16/18	57.3 ± 11.7	58.9 ± 10.1	26.6 ± 4.5	26.6 ± 4.5	MI-TLIF	1	RCT
Zhang et al[15], 2014	33	35	14/19	10/25	59.4 ± 10.2	55.7 ± 11.6	25.6 ± 4.5	25.6 ± 4.5	TLIF	2	RCT
Dong et al[16], 2014	20	19	6/14	6/13	54.0 ± 12.3	56.6 ± 14.7	24	24	PLIF	1	RCT
Chen et al[17], 2014	15	15	10/5	8/7	43.1 ± 5.8	44.9 ± 6.5	15.2 ± 3.25	15.2 ± 3.25	MI-TLIF	NG	RCT
Gologorsky et al[18], 2014	40	40	19/21	21/19	41.6	46.9	52 ± 6.5	52 ± 6.5	TLIF	1 or 2	Prospective
Lin et al[19], 2013	43	42	19/24	20/22	67	65.5	26 ± 3.5	26 ± 3.5	MI-TLIF	1	RCT
Duncan et al[20], 2013	46	56	20/26	20/36	53.5 ± 14.75	55.7 ± 14	25.1	25.1	TLIF	1 or 2	RCT
Dahdaleh et al[21], 2013	16	20	6/10	20/36	62.2 ± 13.1	57.3 ± 11.2	11.4 ± 6.1	12.4 ± 7.2	MI-TLIF	1	RCT
Choi et al[22], 2013	26	27	12/14	9/18	53.39 ± 14.31	56.22 ± 12.62	27.52 ± 3.3	28.85 ± 4.37	MI-TLIF	NG	RCT
Xie et al[23], 2012	56	52	32/24	28/24	56.2 ± 8	55 ± 8.5	36 ± 3	36 ± 3	PLIF	1 or 2	RCT
Aoki et al[24], 2012	25	25	8/17	12/13	66.2 ± 8.3	65.6 ± 8.8	31 ± 3.25	31.2 ± 4.5	TLIF	1	RCT
Xue et al[25], 2012	37	43	17/20	18/25	57.1 ± 8.1	58.2 ± 7.6	25.3 ± 3.5	25.3 ± 3.5	TLIF	1 or 2	RCT
Feng et al[26], 2011	20	20	12/8	10/10	53.75	53.2	24	24	TLIF	1	RCT
Fernández-Fairen et al[27], 2007	40	42	15/24	15/27	60.8 ± 5.33	61.42 ± 5.47	36	36	PLIF	1 or 2	RCT

F: Female M: Male; MI-TLIF: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; TLIF: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; PLIF: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion; RCT: Randomized controlled trial.